Effect of transducer port cavities in invasive ultrasonic transit-time gas flowmeters

Hoffmann, Maik; Unger, Alexander; Jager, Axel; Kupnik, Mario

doi:10.1109/ultsym.2015.0272

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…By using beam forming, a two-dimensional arrangement of microphones is sufficient for a three-dimensional reconstruction [25]. However, measurements with microphones are invasive and distort the sound pressure field [26]. Furthermore, microphones typically feature diameters of several millimeters and have a direction characteristic, limiting the spatial resolution to several millimeters and distorting measurements based on relative sound source position [27].…”

Section: State-of-the-art 21 Sound Pressure Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dense U-Net for Limited Angle Tomography of Sound Pressure Fields

et al. 2021

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Tomographic reconstruction allows for the recovery of 3D information from 2D projection data. This commonly requires a full angular scan of the specimen. Angular restrictions that exist, especially in technical processes, result in reconstruction artifacts and unknown systematic measurement errors. We investigate the use of neural networks for extrapolating the missing projection data from holographic sound pressure measurements. A bias flow liner was studied for active sound dampening in aviation. We employed a dense U-Net trained on synthetic data and compared reconstructions of simulated and measured data with and without extrapolation. In both cases, the neural network based approach decreases the mean and maximum measurement deviations by a factor of two. These findings can enable quantitative measurements in other applications suffering from limited angular access as well.

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Section: State-of-the-art 21 Sound Pressure Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dense U-Net for Limited Angle Tomography of Sound Pressure Fields

et al. 2021

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“…Dispersion curves are used to show the frequency dependence of the velocities (Draudviliene et al, 2018;Hora and Cerven a, 2012). Considering ultrasonic flow measurement, experimental and simulation-based studies include the following categories: investigating the effects of pipe configurations on ultrasonic flowmeters (Holm et al, 1995;Hilgenstock and Ernst, 1996;Pamela et al, 2000;Zhao et al, 2015), studying flow profile correction factor (Zhao et al, 2015;O'Sullivan and Wright, 2002;Cheon and Poong Hyun, 2005;Weissenbrunner et al, 2016), exploring transducer protrusion and recess effects on ultrasonic flowmeters (Raišutis, 2006;Zheng et al, 2011;Hoffmann et al, 2015) and considering acoustics effects in ultrasonic flowmeters (Bezdek et al, 2007;Tezuka et al, 2008;Zheng et al, 2016;Sun et al, 2018b). Lamb wave propagation in pipe walls was studied by many authors (Park et al, 2009;Yashiro et al, 2007;Hern andez et al, 2018;Faisal Haider et al, 2017;Luyao et al, 2014;Lu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New semi three-dimensional approach for simulation of Lamb wave clamp-on ultrasonic gas flowmeter

Mousavi¹,

Hashemabadi

Jamali

2020

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to numerically simulate the Lamb wave propagation through a clamp-on ultrasonic gas flowmeter (UGF) in contact mode, using a new semi three-dimensional approach. Moreover, experimental and analytical modeling results for transit time difference method have been used to confirm the simulation results at different gas flow velocities from 0.3 to 2.4 m/s. Design/methodology/approach The new semi three-dimensional approach involves the simulation of the flow field of the gas in a three-dimensional model and subsequently the simulation of wave generation, propagation and reception in a two-dimensional (2D) model. Moreover, the analytical model assumes that the wave transitions occur in a 2D mode. Findings The new approach is a semi three-dimensional approach used in this work, has better accuracy than a complete 2D simulation while maintaining the computing time and costs approximately constant. It is faster and less expensive than a complete 3D simulation and more accurate than a complete 2D simulation. It was concluded that the new approach could be extended to simulate all types of ultrasonic gas and non-gas flowmeters, even under harsh conditions. Originality/value In this work, a new approach for the numerical simulation of all types of ultrasonic flowmeters is introduced. It was used for simulation of a Lamb wave ultrasonic flow meter in contact mode.

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“…Ruppel and Peters (2004) explored the UFM sensitivity of transducer installation angles for UFMs, and error shift in UFMs was used as the indicator. Dandan et al (2011) and Hoffmann et al (2015) identified a systematic error related to protrusion and recess effects of an acoustic transducer employing a numerical simulation and experiment, and the diffused averaged flow profile was studied under different Re numbers. Weissenbrunner et al (2016) proposed placing a flowmeter in a Venturi constriction to decrease the measurement uncertainty stemming from the uncertain upstream condition, and the error of measured flow rate was a major parameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of turbulent error by helicity in an ultrasonic flowmeter

Geng

Dong

et al. 2018

Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control

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Turbulence generated by invading structures in pipes introduces uncertainties into measurements using ultrasonic flowmeters. A numerical model based on large eddy simulation (LES) is developed here to study the features of turbulent errors in a typical U-shaped ultrasonic flowmeter. According to the flow structures obtained by LES, a one-dimensional turbulent spectrum and probability density function of helicity along the effective ultrasonic propagation path are calculated. It can be seen that the turbulent error is dominated by the large-scale anisotropic vortices in a specific range on the sampling line, and the anisotropic vortices have the common largest fluctuating scales in the error-dominated area in which the Reynolds number ( Re) exceeds 15,000. The results provide possibilities for reducing the turbulent error by limiting the largest fluctuating scale through structure optimization. The probability density function of streamwise helicity is first introduced to unveil the continuous turbulent development in an ultrasonic flowmeter, which has the potential to contribute to turbulent analyses.

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Effect of transducer port cavities in invasive ultrasonic transit-time gas flowmeters

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Dense U-Net for Limited Angle Tomography of Sound Pressure Fields

Dense U-Net for Limited Angle Tomography of Sound Pressure Fields

New semi three-dimensional approach for simulation of Lamb wave clamp-on ultrasonic gas flowmeter

Detection of turbulent error by helicity in an ultrasonic flowmeter

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