Effect of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in Biological Regulation of Primary Chondrocyte

Abstract

The effect of transforming growth factors-β (TGF-βs) in the regulation and control of cell growth is widely studied, but the capability of these cytokines to regulate chondrocyte cell functions such as migration, cell death, proliferation, differentiation and wound repair is not clearly understood. In this work the effect of TGF-β1 on the biological regulation of chondrocyte was evaluated using a model wound closure assay. The experiments were carried out on primary chondrocyte cells with fibroblast like and chondrocytic phenotypes. The cells were isolated from knee articular cartilage of five day old Sprague-Dawley neonate rats and seeded at low density to obtain a fibroblast like morphology. Chondrocytes with chondrocytic phenotype were derived by seeding at high density.The results revealed that TGF-β1 slowed down proliferation and migration of cells into a model wound. It was also found that cell attachment, as determined by the detachment time during trypsinization, was greater for cells with a fibroblast like morphology when compared with cells exhibiting chondrocytic morphology. Treatment with TGF-β1 was found to increase the detachment times of fibroblast like chondrocytes, indicating that TGF-β1enhanced cell attachment of this cell type, whilst treatment with TGF-β1 decreased detachment time for the chondrocytic type chondrocyte cells indicating that TGF-β1 decreased cell attachment in these cells.

Fabrication and Characterizations of Hydrogels for Cartilage Repair

“…These pores demonstrate one of the important properties for a hydrogel as the nutrients diffuse through these pores for chondrocytes to facilitate articular cartilage repair. [28][29][30] …”

Cell factory-derived bioactive molecules with polymeric cryogel scaffold enhance the repair of subchondral cartilage defect in rabbits

“…Intra‐articular injection of TGF β 1 promotes the repair process of full‐thickness articular cartilage defects (Abe et al ., ). Additionally, cartilage matrix stimulation by TGF β 1 indicates that this growth factor could play an important role in cartilage repair, and the presence of TGF β 1 could accelerate the process of repair (Khaghani et al ., ; Shah et al ., ). ELISA results show the presence of significantly high concentrations of cell secreted TGF β 1 in cell factory‐derived bioactive molecules isolated from the chondrocyte‐conditioned media.…”

“…TGF β 1 is known to be involved in regulating biological and cellular activities. The presence of TGF β 1 accelerates the repair mechanism by increasing cell migration, cellular adhesion and cell proliferation rate (Raftery and Sutherland, ; Khaghani et al ., ). The presence of TGF β 1 in conditioned media of chick growth plate chondrocytes has previously been shown (Gelb et al ., ).…”

The role of photonics and natural curing agents of TGF-β1 in treatment of osteoarthritis

“…Latest research on transgenic mice studies point out that TGF-β signalling pathways play a critical and unique role in chondrocytes during the development of osteoarthritis, and progress by driving chondrocytes toward hypertrophy, encouraging osteo-progenitor cell differentiation into osteoblasts alongside stimulating fibrosis [12]. It is a perceived fact that large amounts of TGF-β1 are present in healthy cartilage however in the samples of cartilage on which osteoarthritis has had its effect, TGF-β1 content is lower in quantity; this fact being supported by the research of renowned scientists worldwide [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. In order to further support these findings, an experiment was carried out where naïve murine knee joints were injected with the TGF-β1.…”