Effect of transport limitations and fluid properties on reaction products in fractures of unaltered and serpentinized basalt exposed to high PCO fluids

Adeoye, Jubilee T.; Menefee, Anne H.; Xiong, Wei; Wells, R. K.; Skemer, Philip; Giammar, Daniel E.; Ellis, Bryan

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.06.003

Cited by 47 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…8 In the field injection, the temperature was 36−44 °C and the pressure was ∼77 bar. 8 In our previous experiment using Columbia River Flood basalt, siderite was observed as the predominant carbonation product in a fracture, 26,27 but that basalt was much richer in iron than the Grand Ronde basalt. Reaction path modeling based on the fluid data from the CarbFix project indicates siderite forms at pH <5 and calcite forms at higher pHs.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

CO₂ Mineral Sequestration in Naturally Porous Basalt

Xiong

Wells

Horner

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Continental flood basalts are extensive geologic features currently being evaluated as reservoirs that are suitable for long-term storage of carbon emissions. Favorable attributes of these formations for containment of injected carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) include high mineral trapping capacity, unique structural features, and enormous volumes. We experimentally investigated mineral carbonation in whole core samples retrieved from the Grand Ronde basalt, the same formation into which ∼1000 t of CO 2 was recently injected in an eastern Washington pilot-scale demonstration. The rate and extent of carbonate mineral formation at 100 °C and 100 bar were tracked via time-resolved sampling of bench-scale experiments. Basalt cores were recovered from the reactor after 6, 20, and 40 weeks, and three-dimensional X-ray tomographic imaging of these cores detected carbonate mineral formation in the fracture network within 20 weeks. Under these conditions, a carbon mineral trapping rate of 1.24 ± 0.52 kg of CO 2 /m 3 of basalt per year was estimated, which is orders of magnitude faster than rates for deep sandstone reservoirs. On the basis of these calculations and under certain assumptions, available pore space within the Grand Ronde basalt formation would completely carbonate in ∼40 years, resulting in solid mineral trapping of ∼47 kg of CO 2 /m 3 of basalt.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

CO₂ Mineral Sequestration in Naturally Porous Basalt

Xiong

Wells

Horner

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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“…For example, Luhmann et al () show that CO 2 ‐spiked water flowing in a basalt fracture results in minor permeability reduction due to mineral precipitation at low flow rates, while higher flow rates result in order‐of‐magnitude permeability enhancement due to rapid dissolution and transport. Similarly, Adeoye et al () indicate that the temporal evolution of fracture geometry under net dissolution is strongly influenced by mineral grain size. Although these processes will likely impose dynamically changing permeability in a natural fracture network, such scaling laws remain beyond the current state‐of‐the‐art.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Three‐Phase CO₂ Flow in a Basalt Fracture Network

Gierzynski

Pollyea

2017

Water Resources Research

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Geologic CO2 sequestration in basalt reservoirs is predicated on permanent CO2 isolation via rapid mineralization reactions. This process is supported by a substantial body of evidence, including laboratory experiments documenting rapid mineralization rates, regional storage estimates indicating large, accessible storage reservoirs, and two successful pilot‐scale studies. Nevertheless, there remains significant uncertainty in the behavior of CO2 flow within basalt fracture networks, particularly in the context estimating physical trapping potential in early time and as CO2 undergoes phase change. In this study, a Monte Carlo numerical model is designed to simulate a supercritical CO2 plume infiltrating a low‐permeability flood basalt entablature. The fracture network model is based on outcrop‐scale LiDAR mapping of Columbia River Basalt, and CO2 flow is simulated within fifty equally probable realizations of the fracture network. The spatial distribution of fracture permeability for each realization is randomly drawn from a basalt aperture distribution, and ensemble results are analyzed with e‐type estimates to compute mean and standard deviation of fluid pressure and CO2 saturation. Results of this model after 10 years of simulation suggest that (1) CO2 flow converges on a single dominant flow path, (2) CO2 accumulates at fracture intersections, and (3) variability in permeability can account for a 1.6 m depth interval within which free CO2 may change phase from supercritical fluid to subcritical liquid or gas. In the context of CO2 sequestration in basalt, these results suggest that physical CO2 trapping may be substantially enhanced as carbonate minerals precipitate within the basalt fracture network.

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“…In contrast, Ruprecht et al (2014) conducted three drainage and imbibition cycles using a co-flooding fractional flow set-up at 9 MPa and 50°C in a fired Berea sandstone sample and found good agreement over sequential cycles with the Land model, indicating no significant change in rock properties over the course of the cycles. Similarly, Saeedi and Rezaee (2012) investigated cyclic injections at relatively high pressure (17.8 MPa/2580 PSI) and temperature (80°C) conditions and observed that there was no significant change in the amount of residual trapping or other flow characteristics over the course of four cycles; and another study using nitrogen gas as a CO 2 proxy showed that fractional pore volume water-alternating-gas injections actually reduced residual gas trapping (Adeoye et al, 2017). Garing and Benson (2019) measured capillary pressure-saturation relationships for scCO 2 -water floods in unfired Berea sandstone cores, and then repeated the measurements after firing the cores, and again after exposing the core to scCO 2 for 28 days; and observed no significant difference between the three sets of measurements.…”

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Evolution of Bentheimer Sandstone Wettability During Cyclic scCO₂‐Brine Injections

Herring

Sun

Armstrong

et al. 2021

Water Resources Research

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Almost all scenarios that limit climate-change-caused temperature rise to ≤2°C rely on large-scale geologic sequestration to redirect carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions away from the atmosphere and instead into underground storage (IPCC, 2014(IPCC, , 2019. Geologic sequestration is being considered both as a way to prevent carbon emissions from large point source polluters (e.g., fossil fuel energy production, cement manufacturers), and also as a potential negative emissions technology when coupled with bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, or direct air capture (Bui et al., 2018;IEA, 2020;IPCC, 2005IPCC, , 2019. The short-term (i.e., order of decades) security of a geologic sequestration operation in a sedimentary formation relies on two physical mechanisms: (a) the presence of a sound impermeable caprock to enable "structural" trapping of the relatively buoyant CO 2 plume below the caprock (Shukla et al., 2010; Song & Zhang, 2013), and (b) the interfacial interactions between rock-CO 2 -resident brine which break off small bubbles of disconnected CO 2 within the pore structure of the rock formation, termed "capillary" or "residual" trapping (Abidoye

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Effect of transport limitations and fluid properties on reaction products in fractures of unaltered and serpentinized basalt exposed to high PCO fluids

Cited by 47 publications

References 49 publications

CO₂ Mineral Sequestration in Naturally Porous Basalt

CO₂ Mineral Sequestration in Naturally Porous Basalt

Three‐Phase CO₂ Flow in a Basalt Fracture Network

Evolution of Bentheimer Sandstone Wettability During Cyclic scCO₂‐Brine Injections

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Effect of transport limitations and fluid properties on reaction products in fractures of unaltered and serpentinized basalt exposed to high PCO fluids

Cited by 47 publications

References 49 publications

CO2 Mineral Sequestration in Naturally Porous Basalt

CO2 Mineral Sequestration in Naturally Porous Basalt

Three‐Phase CO2 Flow in a Basalt Fracture Network

Evolution of Bentheimer Sandstone Wettability During Cyclic scCO2‐Brine Injections

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

CO₂ Mineral Sequestration in Naturally Porous Basalt

CO₂ Mineral Sequestration in Naturally Porous Basalt

Three‐Phase CO₂ Flow in a Basalt Fracture Network

Evolution of Bentheimer Sandstone Wettability During Cyclic scCO₂‐Brine Injections