Effect of triazole compounds on induced changes in growth biomass and biochemical content of white radish (Raphanus sativus L.)

Shahid

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Excessive use of fungicides in agriculture may result in substantial accumulation of active residues in soil, which affect crop health and yield. We investigated the response of Raphanus sativus (white radish) to fungicides in soil and potential beneficial interactions of radish plants with fungicide-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The PGPR were isolated from cabbage and mustard rhizospheres. Morphological and biochemical characteristics measured using standard methods, together with analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences, revealed that fungicide-tolerant PGPR, isolates PS3 and AZ2, were closely related to Pseudomonas spp. These PGPR survived in the presence of high fungicide concentrations i.e., up to 2400 μg mL−1 carbendazim (CBZM) and 3200 μg mL−1 hexaconazole (HEXA). Bacterial isolates produced plant growth stimulants even under fungicide stress, though fungicides induced surface morphological distortion and alteration in membrane permeability of these bacteria, which was proved by a set of microscopic observations. Fungicides considerably affected the germination efficiency, growth, and physiological development of R. sativus, but these effects were relieved when inoculated with PGPR isolates. For instance, CBZM at 1500 mg kg−1 decreased whole dry biomass by 71%, whole plant length by 54%, total chlorophyll by 50%, protein content by 61%, and carotenoid production by 29%. After applying isolate AZ2 for white radish grown in CBZM (10 mg kg−1)-amended soil, it could improve plant growth and development with increased whole plant dry weight (10%), entire plant length (13%) and total chlorophyll content (18%). Similarly, isolate PS3 enhanced plant survival by relieving plant stress with declined biomarkers, i.e., proline (12%), malondialdehyde (3%), ascorbate peroxidase (6.5%), catalase (18%), and glutathione reductase (4%). Application of isolates AZ2 and PS3 could be effective for remediation of fungicide-contaminated soil and for improving the cultivation of radish plants while minimizing inputs of fungicides.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungicide-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Mitigate Physiological Disruption of White Radish Caused by Fungicides Used in the Field Cultivation

Shahid

et al. 2020

IJERPH

“…Growth retardants were employed to reduce the shoot system, thereby lowering the risk of lodging in cereal crops, also used in making ornamental plants more compact with better canopy structure as well as improving the formation of reproductive structures in many other crops. (Liangjiu et al, 1990;Sridharan et al, 2009Sridharan et al, , 2015Rademacher, 2016). Expansion in xylem area is essential for growth of radish primary root (Cavusoglu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gibberellin and Gibberellin Biosynthesis Inhibitor (Paclobutrazol) Applications on Radish (Raphanus sativus) Taproot Expansion and the Presence of Authentic Hormones

Jabir¹,

Kinuthia²,

Faroug³

et al. 2017

IJAB

To cite this paper: Jabir, B. AbstractRadish (Raphanus sativus L), is a taproot plant that undergoes noticeable organ size modification during plant growth and development. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis and stimulates the proliferation and expansion of plant root cells in growth and developmental stages. Our study aims to examine the effects of PBZ treatment on the storage organ of plant. Four treatments were applied at the pre-cortex splitting stage of "Nau-yh" radish plant. Foliar spray treatments including PBZ (50 mg/L), gibberellic acid (GA3, 150 mg/L) and a mix of GA3+PBZ (150+50 mg/L) were applied. The results revealed considerable improvement in taproot growth and decreases development in aerial parts after 48 days of the growth. Paclobutrazol treatment showed enhanced growth parameters, most notably, root weight was 33% higher than GA 3 treatment, 28% higher than the control (H2O), and 23% higher than the PBZ+GA 3 treatment. PBZ also significantly promoted xylem development in tuberous root of radish. In contrast, the GA3 treatment inhibited tuberous root growth and enhanced shoot growth in plants. Furthermore, mass spectrometry assay confirmed the absence of gibberellins in paclobutrazol-treated plants, whereas auxin was found in all treatments. Our study provides the first evidence on the applicability of PBZ in root size expansion of radish plant.

Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop.

“…To achieve these goals, some techniques may be used to avoid the need for climatic conditions. For example, growing controls (bioregulators) are successfully used to enhance production (Sridharan et al 2015) or induce flowering and increase the productivity of other species (Upreti et al 2014). Bioregulators are a kind of synthetic chemical compost used in agriculture to modify morphological and physiological characteristics and to promote or suppress vegetative development (Leite & Crusciol 2008).…”

Section: Abstract Resumomentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive and vegetative behavior of hybrid jabuticaba tree under flowering induction

Neto

Porto

Silva

et al. 2018

Brazil is one of the countries with the greatest vegetal diversity in the world, especially for the Myrtaceae family, to which the jabuticaba tree belongs. Its fruits are of great acceptability, but it is little explored commercially, because it takes a long time to reach the production stage. This study aimed to evaluate the vegetative and reproductive behavior of hybrid jabuticaba trees under flowering induction treatments. A randomized block design was used, with the following treatments: calcium carbide, etefon, paclobutrazol, daily irrigation management and control. Growth and reproductive development data were evaluated. For vegetative growth, there was no difference among the treatments, demonstrating no negative effect. On the other hand, paclobutrazol showed to be the most promising treatment, because it anticipates flowering, is effective in induction and results in a higher production.