Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha and transforming growth factor beta 1 on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 secretion from subcutaneous and omental human fat cells in suspension culture

Gottschling-Zeller, H; Birgel, M; Röhrig, K.; Hauner, Hans

doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(00)80046-3

Cited by 68 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our results did not verify this hypothesis for in vitro differentiated human adipocytes and clearly suggest that leptin does not contribute to the disturbances of the fibrinolytic system characteristic for obesity. 21,22 In conclusion, despite of the presence of the long form of the leptin receptor in cultured human adipocytes, we could not detect significant effects of leptin on main metabolic functions of human adipocytes. It remains to be determined whether leptin exerts other effects in human adipose tissue.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Effects of leptin on the differentiation and metabolism of human adipocytes

et al. 2001

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BACKGROUND:Leptin is an adipose protein regulating food intake in the hypothalamus. Animal studies have suggested that leptin also acts in an auto-=paracrine fashion on adipose cell function. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of leptin on the differentiation and metabolism of cultured human adipocytes. MATERIAL: Adipose tissue from young healthy, lean women (body mass index (BMI) < 27 kg=m 2 ) undergoing elective mammary reduction surgery and young obese individuals (BMI > 40 kg=m 2 ) undergoing laparoscopic gastric banding. METHODS: Human preadipocytes in primary culture were induced to undergo differentiation by defined adipogenic factors. Mature adipocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion and kept in culture suspension. Glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity was used as a marker of adipose differentiation; glucose uptake, lipolysis and PAI-1 secretion were measured as parameters of fat cell function. RESULTS: Human preadipocytes and adipocytes from lean and obese subjects expressed the long leptin receptor isoform and two of the three short forms as assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Leptin at a supraphysiological concentration induced a transient increase of GPDH activity, but had no effect on glucose uptake and PAI-1 secretion from human adipocytes. In addition, basal and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis as well as the antilipolytic action of insulin in human adipocytes was not significantly affected by leptin exposure. CONCLUSION: In contrast to animal data, the results of our experiments do not demonstrate significant effects of leptin on main metabolic functions of human adipocytes arguing against a local auto-=paracrine action of leptin in human adipose tissue.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Effects of leptin on the differentiation and metabolism of human adipocytes

et al. 2001

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“…In theory, reduced PAI-1 secretion from visceral fat could contribute to the fall in plasma PAI-1 activity. There are regional differences in several adipose-secreted proteins, as reviewed (39), and at least some studies suggest higher secretion from visceral compared with subcutaneous fat (40,41). It is, however, unlikely that visceral fat is responsible for the fall in plasma PAI-1 activity because this depot is relatively small in obese women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Hypocaloric Diets on Protein Secretion From Adipose Tissue of Obese Women

et al. 2004

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Little is known about common factors (e.g., macronutrients and energy supply) regulating the protein secretory function of adipose tissue. We therefore compared the effects of randomly assigned 10-week hypoenergetic (؊600 kcal/day) diets with moderate-fat/moderate-carbohydrate or low-fat/high-carbohydrate content on circulating levels and production of proteins (using radioimmunoassays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays) from subcutaneous adipose tissue in 40 obese but otherwise healthy women. Similar results were obtained by the two diets. Body weight decreased by ϳ7.5%. The secretion rate of leptin decreased by ϳ40%, as did that of tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF-␣), and interleukin (IL)-6 and -8 decreased by 25-30%, whereas the secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and adiponectin did not show any changes. Regarding mRNA expression (by real-time PCR), only that of leptin and IL-6 decreased significantly. Circulating levels of leptin and PAI-1 decreased by 30 and 40%, respectively, but there were only minor changes in circulating TNF-␣, IL-6, or adiponectin. In conclusion, moderate caloric restriction but not macronutrient composition influences the production and secretion of adipose tissue-derived proteins during weight reduction, leptin being the most sensitive and adiponectin and PAI-1 the least sensitive. Diabetes 53: 1966 -1971, 2004 A dipose tissue secretes a number of proteins with auto-, para-, and endocrine actions, such as tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF-␣), interleukin (IL)-6 and -8, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), leptin, and adiponectin (1,2). Little is known about the regulation of the protein secretory function of human adipose tissue except for leptin (3). The effect of energy restriction is of particular importance for obesity treatment (4). Dietary-induced weight loss normalizes plasma levels and adipose tissue gene expression of several adipocyte-derived proteins (5-12). Whether the same is true for protein secretion is unknown, except for TNF-␣ (5,10). Furthermore, the relative roles of loss of body fat, energy restriction per se, and changes in macronutrient supply are not known. It is also unknown which proteins are more or less sensitive to nutritional changes regarding their production by adipose tissue. These questions were investigated by studying the release of leptin, adiponectin, IL-6 and -8, TNF-␣, and PAI-1 in subcutaneous adipose tissue of 40 obese women before and after 10 weeks on moderate hypoenergetic diets with either low-fat/highcarbohydrate content or moderate-fat/moderate-carbohydrate content. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSAll subjects participated in a European multicenter study termed NutrientGene Interactions in Human Obesity: Implications for Dietary Guidelines (NUGENOB, www.nugenob.com), which examines the interaction between hypoenergetic diets and genes. Our Swedish center included 40 obese women aged 21-49 years with a BMI of 30.9 -47.7 kg/m 2 who were otherwise healthy and free of regular medication, except 1 woman who was treated wit...

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“…Second, there may be the differences in the fat cell size between these two ethnic groups. Americans may have smaller fat cells 28 than the Japanese as smaller fat cells produce less PAI-1 compared to larger fat cells [30][31][32] . Third, it may be explained by the differences in genetic factors between these ethnic groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The determinants of plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels differ for American and Japanese men aged 40–49

Takamiya

Kadowaki

Zaky

et al. 2006

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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Background-Elevated plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were associated with higher incidence of type II diabetes. Elucidating the determinants of PAI-1 in various ethnicities may help to understand the susceptibility to developing diabetes. The aim of our study was to compare PAI-1 levels between Americans and the Japanese in the post-war generation and to elucidate the determinants of the PAI-1 levels.

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Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha and transforming growth factor beta 1 on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 secretion from subcutaneous and omental human fat cells in suspension culture

Cited by 68 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of leptin on the differentiation and metabolism of human adipocytes

Effects of leptin on the differentiation and metabolism of human adipocytes

Effects of Different Hypocaloric Diets on Protein Secretion From Adipose Tissue of Obese Women

The determinants of plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels differ for American and Japanese men aged 40–49

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