Effect of Two Non-Steroidal Antifertility Agents on Pregnancy in Mice

Thomson, Joan L.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0150223

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It cannot be ascertained from the present study whether pre-ovulatory and/or post-ovulatory oestrogen is important in normal ovum transport. Since effects similar to those reported here were observed when synthetic antioestrogens were administered after ovulation (Humphrey & Martin, 1968 ;Thomson, 1968 ;Humphrey, 1976 ;Shingh & Kamboj, 1981 ), it seems likely that it is the postovulatory oestrogens which are important. Lungu (1980) found a decreased ovum transport rate in mice treated with a single i.p.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Oestrogens, however, simultaneously cause tube-locking and uterine expulsion of ova (Greenwald, 1961 ;Humphrey & Martin, 1968;Humphrey, 1976). The lack of expulsion of ova from uteri of mice treated with synthetic antioestrogens (Humphrey & Martin, 1968;Thomson, 1968;Humphrey, 1976) or with anti-oestradiol immunoglobulin (Table 5) suggests that the effect of the synthetic antioestrogens was indeed antioestrogenic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of passive immunization against oestradiol on mouse ovum transport

Bigsby¹,

Lungu²,

Duby³

et al. 1983

Reproduction

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The ability of anti-oestradiol immunoglobulin to withhold oestradiol-17 beta from its target tissue was examined. The total oestradiol-17 beta binding capacity present in in-vitro incubations or injected into mice intravenously was related to the amount of [3H]oestradiol present in the media or intravenously injected into the animals respectively. When the ratio of binding capacity to [3H]oestradiol was above 74:1, [3H]oestradiol was successfully withheld from uterine tissue in vitro and in vivo. Injecting anti-oestradiol immunoglobulin into mice before administration of a tube-locking dose of oestradiol-17 beta ensured normal passage of ova through the oviduct. Daily administration of anti-oestradiol immunoglobulin to PMSG-hCG stimulated mice (starting 72 h before hCG injection) induced retention of ova for at least 2 days beyond the time when all ova had left the oviducts of control animals. The binding capacity: oestradiol-17 beta concentration ratios of sera from these animals were greater than 250:1 throughout the experimental period. Non-specific immunoglobulin had no such effects, indicating the specificity of the anti-oestradiol immunoglobulin response.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of passive immunization against oestradiol on mouse ovum transport

Bigsby¹,

Lungu²,

Duby³

et al. 1983

Reproduction

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The effect of clomiphene citrate on blastocyst development and implantation in the rabbit

1985

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The induction of ovulation with clomiphene citrate (CC) in human patients results in a high ovulation rate but achieves a relatively low pregnancy rate. To clarify the possible role of CC in interfering with the normal reproductive physiology and embryology, we have used our rabbit model and transferred 4-day-old blastocysts from untreated donors to CC-treated pseudopregnant recipients and from CC-treated donors to untreated pseudopregnant recipients to study embryonic development and implantation. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups, one receiving CC before and the other after ovulation. CC was administered subcutaneously in three consecutive doses of 10 mg/kg body weight. Ovulation was induced with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMS) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The implantation rate of the control group, evaluated on day 8 of pregnancy, reached 62.0%. When recipients were treated with CC before ovulation, implantation rate was reduced to 18.8% (P less than 0.0002), and to 20.0% (P less than 0.003) when CC was administered after ovulation. The implantation rate of blastocysts transferred from donors, treated before ovulation, is 22.2% (P less than 0.0055), however, reached 70.8% when treatment was started after ovulation. All implantations were analysed microscopically and showed normal morphological features. Our results demonstrate a potential multiple effect of CC, first on the endometrium by altering its receptivity for the implanting conceptus, second, on tubal physiology by altering egg transport, and finally on ovum maturation before ovulation interfering with development of blastocysts. These parameters may all result in rapid decrease in establishment of implantations and in turn in very low pregnancy rates.

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Variables affecting toxicity of human sera in mouse embryo cultures

Haimovici

Hill

Anderson

1988

J Assist Reprod Genet

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It has been reported that sera from women with reproductive disorders can inhibit mouse embryo development. While performing tests on this subject in our laboratory, two unexpected variables were identified that can influence the effect of human serum on mouse embryo cultures. In a standard embryo culture system in which heat-inactivated sera (10% final concentration) were added to two-cell mouse embryos and percentage blastocyst development was scored after 4 days, sera that had been collected into standard clinical Monoject blood collection red-stopper tubes were significantly more embryotoxic than sera collected from the same subjects into 15-ml Falcon centrifuge tubes (P less than 0.005). Furthermore, we observed that sera from laboratory personnel that worked with mice often inhibited mouse embryo development. To study this effect further, sera were collected from five fertile individuals who were routinely exposed to mice and from fertile women with no previous exposure to rodents. Sera from the mouse-exposed group were significantly more inhibitory than sera from the nonexposed control group (P less than 0.005). The effect was observed in the ammonium sulfate-precipitated immunoglobulin fraction of the mouse-exposed group's sera, and high titers of antibodies reactive with mouse spleen cells were detected in sera and immunoglobulin fractions from this group by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Embryotoxic activity was neutralized by absorption with mouse lymphocytes, but not with rabbit or human lymphocytes, suggesting that a heterophilic antimouse antibody is the factor responsible for this effect. These data emphasize the importance of including extensive controls in experiments addressing toxic effects of human sera on mouse embryos.

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Effect of Two Non-Steroidal Antifertility Agents on Pregnancy in Mice

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Effects of passive immunization against oestradiol on mouse ovum transport

Effects of passive immunization against oestradiol on mouse ovum transport

The effect of clomiphene citrate on blastocyst development and implantation in the rabbit

Variables affecting toxicity of human sera in mouse embryo cultures

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