Effect of Ultrasonic Extraction on Qualitative Parameters of Saffron Edible Extract

Gazeran, Samaneh; Tajalli, Faezeh; Sani, Ali Mohamadi

doi:10.1080/0972060x.2015.1004126

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Notably, the concentrations of the molecules in the solutions were determined according to the ISO 3632 standards. In agreement with these findings, Gazerani and his colleagues [ 94 ] showed that the optimal parameters to extract the compounds from saffron were an extraction solvent of 50% aqueous ethanol and extraction condition of 5 h at 25 °C. The authors subsequently determined the crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal contents of the extract, following the ISO 3632 guidelines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…The authors subsequently determined the crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal contents of the extract, following the ISO 3632 guidelines. Under these conditions, the absorbances for crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal were 423.9, 49.51, and 133.1, respectively, as compared to 125.4, 24.99, and 67.18, respectively, for distilled water, which was the control, suggesting a much higher concentration in the 50% aqueous ethanol extract [ 94 ]. Generally, conventional extraction methods, which include Soxhlet extraction, vapor or hydrodistillation and maceration or solvent extraction, use huge amounts of organic hazardous solvents, are not selective, have long extraction times, and in some cases extirpate thermolabile/heat sensitive compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances on the Anticancer Properties of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and Its Major Constituents

et al. 2020

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally with an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018 and a sustained rise in its incidence in both developing and developed countries. According to the WHO, about 1 in 6 deaths is due to cancer. Despite the emergence of many pioneer therapeutic options for patients with cancer, their efficacy is still time-limited and noncurative. Thus, continuous intensive screening for superior and safer drugs is still ongoing and has resulted in the detection of the anticancer properties of several phytochemicals. Among the spices, Crocus sativus L. (saffron) and its main constituents, crocin, crocetin, and safranal, have attracted the interest of the scientific community. Pharmacological experiments have established numerous beneficial properties for this brilliant reddish-orange dye derived from the flowers of a humble crocus family species. Studies in cultured human malignant cell lines and animal models have demonstrated the cancer prevention and antitumor activities of saffron and its main ingredients. This review provides an insight into the advances in research on the anticancer properties of saffron and its components, discussing preclinical data, clinical trials, and patents aiming to improve the pharmacological properties of saffron and its major ingredients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on the Anticancer Properties of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and Its Major Constituents

et al. 2020

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“…The basic component of commercial saffron is the stigma, which contains the yellow-red carotenoid pigment crocin (C44H64O24). Crocin has a wide variety of applications not only in the food industry and as a colourant, but also in medicine (Gazerani et al, 2013), with several reports demonstrating its pharmacological activity, including anti-tumour properties and improved outcomes for alcoholic memory disorder (Shoyama, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Far-red Light on Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus</i> L.) Growth and Crocin Yields

Kajikawa

Uno

Kuroki

et al. 2018

ecb

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This study investigated the effect of the red (R) to far-red (FR) photon flux density ratio on the growth and crocin yields of 64 saffron (Crocus sativus L.) corms that were hydroponically cultivated in closed chambers. The life cycle of saffron can be divided into four stages: formation of the flower buds, flowering, formation of the daughter corms (FD) and development of the daughter corms (DD). During the DD stage, the saffron corms were cultivated under the same environmental conditions except for the light quality, which was applied at an R/FR ratio of 15.8 (FL treatment) or 1.8 (FR treatment). There was no significant difference between treatments in the shoot length, or the maximum diameter, weight and stigma weight of the daughter corms. However, there was a significant difference in the absorbance of crocin solutions. Although the cause of FR-induced increase in crocin was not elucidated, it was presumed that a low R/FR ratio during the DD stage accelerates the translocation of photosynthetic products from the leaves to the corms to generate carbohydrate-enriched corms. This might result from increased sink strength, which is associated with phytochrome equilibrium.

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“…Mixtures of various organic solvents with water have also been examined, with ethanol–water and methanol–water to surpass other systems [ 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 ]. The references dealing with ethanol–water or methanol–water mixtures could be distinguished in two categories; those that implement conventional extractions methods, i.e., agitation and maceration [ 194 , 195 ] and the ones that apply the modern assisting techniques of UAE and MAE [ 196 , 197 , 198 ]. CSEs applied ethanol–water 1:1 mixtures, with high solid-to-liquid ratios, namely 1/20 and 1/30 [ 195 , 196 ].…”

Section: Saffronmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Montalvo-Hernandez et al [ 194 ] succeeded a 77% recovery of saffron crocins agitating at 200 rpm for 1 h a mixture of saffron powder and ethanol–water (50%) at ratio of 1/20. The use of assisting techniques, significantly reduced the duration of extractions that ranged between 5 and 30 min [ 197 , 198 , 199 ]. Especially Kyriakoudi et al [ 197 ] with 29 min extraction time, methanol 50% in water, at solid/liquid ratio 1/180, under UAE, reached a total yield of 627 mg crocetin esters/g saffron, which is the highest value found in the literature.…”

Section: Saffronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six Common Herbs with Distinctive Bioactive, Antioxidant Components. A Review of Their Separation Techniques

et al. 2021

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Rosemary, oregano, pink savory, lemon balm, St. John’s wort, and saffron are common herbs wildly grown and easily cultivated in many countries. All of them are rich in antioxidant compounds that exhibit several biological and health activities. They are commercialized as spices, traditional medicines, or raw materials for the production of essential oils. The whole herbs or the residues of their current use are potential sources for the recovery of natural antioxidant extracts. Finding effective and feasible extraction and purification methods is a major challenge for the industrial production of natural antioxidant extracts. In this respect, the present paper is an extensive literature review of the solvents and extraction methods that have been tested on these herbs. Green solvents and novel extraction methods that can be easily scaled up for industrial application are critically discussed.

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Effect of Ultrasonic Extraction on Qualitative Parameters of Saffron Edible Extract

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Recent Advances on the Anticancer Properties of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and Its Major Constituents

Recent Advances on the Anticancer Properties of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and Its Major Constituents

Effect of Far-red Light on Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus</i> L.) Growth and Crocin Yields

Six Common Herbs with Distinctive Bioactive, Antioxidant Components. A Review of Their Separation Techniques

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