Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on Adhesive Bonding of CFRP/Al Alloy Joints Grafted with Silane Coupling Agent

Wu, Min; Tong, Xuetong; Wang, Hui; Hua, Lin; Chen, Yizhe

doi:10.3390/polym12040947

Cited by 20 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Yuan et al 11 reported the ultrasonic vibration can improve the bonding strength, and the ultrasonic vibration was more uniform when the process was performed in water. Our previous study 12–14 found that ultrasound can reduce bubbles in the adhesive and promote chemical bonds at the interface. These studies showed that ultrasonic vibration can effectively improve quality of adhesive bonding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of interface anchoring by ultrasonic vibration for adhesively bonded CFRP/Al joints

Wang

Tong

et al. 2021

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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Adhesively bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)/Al joints have been widely used in engineering field. However, the bonding strength still needs to be improved. In this study, ultrasonic vibration was applied during the adhesive bonding to promote the micromechanical anchoring at the interface of CFRP/Al joints. Ultrasonic vibration was exerted on the CFRP laminate to transmit the vibration to the adhesive bonding area once the joint was assembled. The strength and the strength consistency of the joints were increased by 45% and 50%, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) results showed that the ultrasonic vibration promoted the filling of the adhesive into the microstructures of the adherends and achieved a more compact bonding. Viscosity and contact angle of the adhesive were measured, and both of them were decreased greatly under the ultrasonic vibration, indicating that the ultrasonic vibration can increase the fluidity of the adhesive and force the wetting between the materials. Ultrasonic capillary experiment was then conducted. The adhesive in the capillary tube was prompted to rise obviously, and the meniscus was inverted with ultrasonic vibration, showing that the ultrasonic vibration produced a driving effect on filling of the adhesive in the microstructures. Therefore, the joints exhibited improved bonding strength owing to the enhanced micromechanical anchoring and physical adsorption at the bonding interface. This study is of great significance for understanding and optimization of the ultrasonic vibration strengthened adhesive bonding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of interface anchoring by ultrasonic vibration for adhesively bonded CFRP/Al joints

Wang

Tong

et al. 2021

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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“…Epoxy adhesive is widely used in aerospace [ 1 ], vehicle transportation [ 2 ], construction [ 3 ], electronics [ 4 ] and other industries because of its good characteristics (mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, chemical stability, and heat resistance) as well as good adhesion to various substrates. The curing process of epoxy adhesive is the key procedure affecting the properties of cured products [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Curing Kinetics and the Mechanism of Ultrasonic Curing of an Epoxy Adhesive

et al. 2022

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Ultrasonic curing is an effective way to enhance the curing extent of composite material bonding in the aerospace industry. The non-thermal effect of ultrasonic has been revealed to improve curing efficiency. However, the mechanism of the ultrasonic non-thermal effect is still not clear. In this work, a variable activation energy model of ultrasonic curing was established by utilizing the iso-conversional method, including the activation energy of the thermal effect and activation energy of the non-thermal effect. The thermal effect caused by ultrasonic was accurately peeled off. An obvious decrease in activation energy was found from 54 kJ/mol in thermal curing to 38 kJ/mol in ultrasonic curing. The activation energy of the reaction system in ultrasonic curing was substituted into the modified Kamal autocatalytic equation, and the parameters of the ultrasonic curing kinetic model were estimated by means of an ALO algorithm. Further discussion based on in situ FTIR showed that the non-thermal effect of ultrasonic can affect the vibration strength, stability, and chemical bond energy of internal groups, but cannot cause the fracture of chemical bonds. Moreover, frontier molecular orbital analysis showed that the chemical reactivity of epoxy/amine molecules increased and the HOMO–LUMO energy gap decreased from 6.511 eV to 5.617 eV under the effect of ultrasonic.

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Isothermal anionic polymerization of ε‐caprolactam to polyamide‐6: Kinetic modeling and application for production process

Kurt,

Bratzdrum,

Chaloupka

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The in‐situ anionic polymerization of ε‐caprolactam (ε‐CL) to polyamide‐6 enables the production of large, near net shape fiber reinforced composites by thermoplastic resin transfer molding. For the propagation of the flow front as well as for the progress of the solidification, the simultaneous processes of polymerization and crystallization and the corresponding reaction kinetics play a central role. To investigate these processes, preparation of reactive mixtures consisting of ε‐CL, activator, and initiator was carried out under inert atmosphere. A solvent‐based activator and initiator were used, which hardly have been studied in the literature so far. In analogy to the resin transfer molding process, quasi‐isothermal differential scanning calorimetry measurements were performed at various temperatures and the released enthalpy and the degree of crystallization were determined. From these isothermal measurements, a two‐stage semi‐empirical kinetic model was established for a solvent‐based system for the first time, which reproduces the experimental data with high precision. To apply the obtained kinetic model to a thermoplastic resin transfer molding process it was finally correlated to dielectric sensor data, allowing real‐time prediction of the total conversion.

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Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on Adhesive Bonding of CFRP/Al Alloy Joints Grafted with Silane Coupling Agent

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Improvement of interface anchoring by ultrasonic vibration for adhesively bonded CFRP/Al joints

Improvement of interface anchoring by ultrasonic vibration for adhesively bonded CFRP/Al joints

Study on Curing Kinetics and the Mechanism of Ultrasonic Curing of an Epoxy Adhesive

Isothermal anionic polymerization of ε‐caprolactam to polyamide‐6: Kinetic modeling and application for production process

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