“…There are many post-weld methods mature in decreasing the welding residual stress, such as post-weld heat treatment [6], shot peening [7], post-weld rolling methods [8], water jet peening [9], etc. Some methods that are used before and during welding can also play an important role in decreasing welding residual stress, such as using proper groove distances [10], welding with low transformation temperature consumables [11], a preheating process [2], ultrasonic vibration [12][13][14], etc. However, compared with the above treatments, ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) has superiority in reducing residual stresses and improving fatigue strength.…”