Effect of Ultraviolet Irradiation on Biosynthesis of Dna in Guinea-Pig Skin in Vivo

Kramer, Daniel J.; Pathak, Madhu A.; Kornhauser, A.; Wiskemann, A

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12701648

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As anticipated from previous reports (Cleaver, 1970;Cripps et al, 1972;Kramer et al, 1974) UV irradiation markedly reduced the uptake of thymidine. I n all cell lines, this labelling was further reduced in the presence of 1 mM hydroxyurea and was therefore considered to represent semiconservative synthesis rather than repair synthesis.…”

Section: Dna Synthesis and Thymine Dimer Excisionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Temperature‐sensitive DNA repair of ultraviolet damage in human cell lines

Goss

Parsons

1976

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Following exposure to ultraviolet irradiation (UV), two of three human fibroblast strains and one of three melanoma cell lines showed lower rates of thymine dimer excision during 24 h at 40 degrees C than at 36 degrees C. All lines had lower rates at 32 degrees C. Autoradiographic studies of three fibroblast strains and four melanoma lines incubated for four hours after irradiation revealed decreased unscheduled DNA synthesis at 42 degrees C compared with 36 degrees C. The rate of semiconservative DNA synthesis was decreased at the upper temperature in both series of experiments. All eight cell lines tested showed decreased repair at 42 degrees C, as judged by slower sedimentation and increased heterogeneity of parental DNA in alkaline sucrose gradients. Experiments using the DNA synthesis inhibitor Actinomycin D suggested that these effects were due to temperature-sensitive repair synthesis. In the two lines studied, preincubation of cells at 42 degrees C apparently increased the extent of UV damage. Although by no means conclusive, these results are consistent with the possibility that temperature-sensitive DNA repair is a contributory factor in some cases of solar carcinogenesis.

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Section: Dna Synthesis and Thymine Dimer Excisionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Temperature‐sensitive DNA repair of ultraviolet damage in human cell lines

Goss

Parsons

1976

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…The mean yield of DNA per 2.25 cm2 of skin was 72.7 pg (SEM, -t 4.7; n = 51). This value (32 pg cm-') is almost twice the value (16 pg cm-*) reported by Kramer et al (1974) in studies utilizing the same animal model. In those studies irradiation with UVB or PUVA (psoralen + UVA) also yielded alterations in DNA yield as compared to unirradiated control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…In biologic terms, therefore, the doses used in these studies represented approximately 1, 1.5 and 2 MEDs. This range is actually slightly less than similar studies with UVB radiation which utilized 2.0-2.5 MED's (Kramer et al, 1974) and found similar levels of inhibition of DNA synthesis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…It has been reported that hair removal in experimental animals by a variety of techniques results in damage to skin; and such damage may be evidenced by alterations of epidermal DNA synthesis (Kramer et al, 1974). To avoid this artifact, some investigators allow a time period (6 days) between depilation and experimental treatment-irradiation, etc.…”

Section: Experiments Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longwave Ultraviolet Radiation (Uva)‐induced Alteration of Epidermal Dna Synthesis

Chew

DeLeo

Harber

1988

Photochem & Photobiology

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Longwave ultraviolet radiation (UVA-32&400 nm) is known to induce inflammation, pigmentation and tumor production in mammalian skin. The mechanisms by which such radiation induces these biologic phenomena are poorly defined. In an effort to broaden our knowledge in this area, we examined the effect of UVA on DNA biosynthesis in Hartley strain albino guinea pig skin. The animals were irradiated with selected doses of solar simulated UVA, and DNA was assayed by [.3H]thymidine incorporation into epidermal DNA by autoradiography . These studies revealed that UVA inhibited DNA synthesis in a dose dependent manner between 40 and 80 J at 3 h postirradiation. This inhibition was followed by a stimulation of synthesis at 5 h and a second inhibition/ stimulation at 8 and 24 h, respectively. Although the mechanism of alteration is undefined, our data suggest that UVA has profound effects on DNA biosynthesis in mammalian epidermis.

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“…Another difference is that with extensive stripping an initial inhibition of DNA synthesis is found and it precedes the first stimulation peak. This inhibition is similar to the inhibition of cell cycle events that occur prior to stimulation with chemical and physical trauma and is one of the initial indicators of more than minimal cell damage (Hennings & Elgjo, 1970;Kramer et al, 1974). In both types of studies the epidermal bimodal response is similar, and two time-separated peaks of stimulated DNA synthesis are observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Extracellular Stimulation of Epidermal Dna Synthesis

et al. 1976

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The removal of the topmost cell layers of the epidermal stratum corneum by stripping initiates a series of biochemical events which alters the normal homeostatic control of and results in the acceleration of the cell cycle in basal cells which are ten to twenty cell layers removed from the site of stripping. One measure of accelerated events is a stimulation of thymidine incorporation into epidermal DNA at time intervals following stripping. Two peaks of maximal stimulation occur between 12 and 24 hr and 48 and 54 hr after stripping.Stimulation of thymidine incorporation into epidermal DNA by limited stripping is a useful technique for studying the stripping-initiated signal at the stratum corneum and its subsequent translation at the proliferative cell receptor site.

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Effect of Ultraviolet Irradiation on Biosynthesis of Dna in Guinea-Pig Skin in Vivo

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

Temperature‐sensitive DNA repair of ultraviolet damage in human cell lines

Temperature‐sensitive DNA repair of ultraviolet damage in human cell lines

Longwave Ultraviolet Radiation (Uva)‐induced Alteration of Epidermal Dna Synthesis

Extracellular Stimulation of Epidermal Dna Synthesis

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