The creation of defects in CsI:Pb crystals by ultraviolet radiation at 4.2 K has been investigated by thermally stimulated and optically stimulated luminescence methods. The origin of the optically created defects has been established. The dependences of the defect creation efficiency on the irradiation energy and time, on the uniaxial stress, and on the concentration of the impurity (Pb 2+ and Na + ) ions have been found. The charge-transfer processes taking place under irradiation of CsI : Pb crystals in the Pb 2+ -related absorption bands and resulting in the appearance of the selftrapped and localized exciton luminescence and in defect creation have been explained.