Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial Profile

Yang, Zidan; Liu, Siyuan; Xie, Tianqi; Wang, Qianqian; Wang, Zhonghan; Yang, Hongjian; Li, Shengli; Wang, Wei

doi:10.3390/fermentation8100540

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Moreover, palm oil rich in saturated fatty acids is generally used as rumen bypass fat because they do not have negative effects on rumen fermentation compared with unsaturated oils [ 54 ]. In contrast, more studies in vitro and in vivo showed that dietary fatty acids could change the rumen fermentation and rumen microorganisms [ 55 , 56 ]. Studies in dairy cows and calves showed that unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., linoleic acid, linolenic acid) have adverse effects on rumen microbiota and its fermentative activity compared with saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid) [ 57 , 58 ] probably due to more toxic of dietary PUFAs to rumen microbiota than SFAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Coconut Oil and Palm Oil on Growth, Rumen Microbiota, and Fatty Acid Profile of Suckling Calves

Piao

Yang

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of coconut oil and palm oil in milk replacer (MR) on the growth performance, blood lipids, rumen fermentation, rumen microbiota, and fatty acid profile of hepatic and muscle of suckling calves. Thirty-six Holstein male calves were randomly assigned to three treatments. Three milk replacers containing different fat sources were as follows: control group (CON, milk fat), coconut oil group (CCO, coconut oil powder as fat), and palm oil group (PLO, palm oil powder as fat). Calves were weighed and blood sampled at 14, 28, 42, and 56 days old, respectively, and the feed intake and fecal score were recorded daily. Fat sources in milk replacers had no effects on body weight, ADG, DMI, fecal score, or days of abnormal fecal in suckling calves among the three groups, while the PLO group tended to decrease starter intake compared with the other groups. Serum concentrations of TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C in the CCO group increased compared with those of the CON group. Palm oil also decreased the serum GLU concentration of calves but had no effects on serum lipids compared with milk fat. Coconut oil or palm oil had no effects on rumen fermentation, rumen chyme enzyme activity, rumen bacterial community richness and diversity, and dominant phyla and genera when compared with milk fat. However, compared with the CON group, the CCO group increased the proportion of MCFAs and n-6 PUFAs, and decreased the proportion of UFAs and MUFAs in liver tissue, while the PLO group increased the proportion of PUFAs and decreased the proportion of n-3 PUFAs in liver tissue. In addition, compared with the CON group, the CCO group increased the proportion of MCFAs, and decreased the proportion of UFAs and n-3 PUFAs in longissimus dorsi, while the PLO group increased the proportion of PUFAs and decreased the proportion of n-3 PUFAs in longissimus dorsi. In conclusion, compared with milk fat, coconut oil or palm oil in MR had no effects on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and rumen microflora but significantly increased serum lipids concentration and changed some proportions of MCFAs and PUFAs in liver and longissimus dorsi in suckling calves. These results indicate that coconut oil or palm oil as the sole fat source for MRs has no adverse effect on calf rumen fermentation and rumen microbiota but has a detrimental effect on n-3 PUFAs deposition in the liver and longissimus dorsi muscle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Coconut Oil and Palm Oil on Growth, Rumen Microbiota, and Fatty Acid Profile of Suckling Calves

Piao

Yang

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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“…On the other side, the lower volume of gas production for treatments that contain 10 and 15% French fries waste could be attributed to the negative effects of unsaturated fatty acids on rumen bacterial fermentation. Yang et al [27] using the in vitro gas production technique, showed that an increasing proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the fermentation substrate reduces CH4 and CO2 emissions, affecting rumen fermentation and the microbial community. Also, other studies mentioned that the inhibition of unsaturated fatty acids on rumen fermentation may be due to FA adhering to the feed surface and the toxic effects of FA on rumen bacteria [10,11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Partial Replacement of Barley Grain with Heated Potato Processing By-products in the Diet of Dairy Cows Using an In vitro Gas Production Technique

Sadq,

Fatehi

2024

UPJOZ

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Background: The increasing urban population requires more dairy product (meat and milk) production; therefore, using agricultural sector by-products as animal feedstuffs has found double importance. Objective: The effects of replacing barley grain with heated potato slices (HPS) and French fries waste (FFW) in iso-energetic total mixed dairy cow rations on cumulative gas production and in vitro DM degradability were evaluated using in vitro techniques. Methods: Seven experimental dairy cow total mixed rations (TMR) were formulated based on partial replacing barley grain with HPS or FFW, including Control: a diet containing 16% (DM basis) barley grain as one of the main sources of non-forage carbohydrates; 5 HPS: a diet containing 11% barley grain and 5% HPS; 10 HPS: a diet containing 6% barley grain and 10% HPS; 15 HPS: a diet containing 1% barley grain and 15% HPS; 5 FFW: a diet containing 11% barley grain and 5% FFW; 10 FFW: a diet containing 6% barley grain and 10% FFW; 15 FFW: a diet containing 1% barley grain and 15% FFW. Two in vitro gas production approaches were conducted separately to measure the production of gas volumes and dry matter (DM) degradability at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours of incubation. Results: After 48 h of incubation, the gas production volume varied between 174 and 197 ml/g DM, with the highest value observed with control and the lowest value with FFW treatments (P < 0.05). Also, the gas production rate for the insoluble fraction varied from 0.031 to 0.054 ml/h and was higher for HPS treatments than for control and FFW treatments (P < 0.05). After 48 h of incubation, DM degradability was significantly lower for the control than other treatments. DM effective degradability, with a passage rate of 0.05 h−1, found to be higher for FFW and HPS treatments compared with the control. Moreover, the rate of the B fraction degradation was significantly lower for the control (0.14 % h−1) than for treatments. Conclusion: The heated potato processing by-products could be replaced with barley grain by 15% in the diet of dairy cows without having negative effects on ruminal fermentation.

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“…However, compared to CT, supplementation with TSO decreased the concentration of C18:1n9c and C18:0. The inhibition effect of fatty acids on rumen fermentation may be due to fatty acids adhering to the feed surface, hindering microorganism decomposition of the feed substrate [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tea Seed Oil on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, Nutrient Degradability, and Microbial Profile in Water Buffalo

Xie,

Zeng,

Guo

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Tea seed oil (TSO) was investigated for its effects on rumen fermentation and in vitro parameters of bacterial communities in water buffalo diets containing Siraitia grosvenorii and soybean residues. TSO was added at rates of 0% (control group (CT)), 0.5% (T1), 1% (T2), and 2% (T3) of the in vitro fermentation substrate weight (dry matter (DM) basis). T2 and T3 had significantly lower acetate and total volatile fatty acid contents but a significantly higher microbial crude protein content than CT. The lowest NH3-N content was observed in T1 and T2. Treatment significantly increased DM digestibility, with the highest percentage observed in T2. T2 showed significantly higher crude protein digestibility than CT. TSO supplementation significantly increased the C18:2n6c, C18:2 trans-10, cis-12, and C20:4n6 concentrations compared to those in CT. The total number of bacteria was significantly lower in T2 than in CT. TSO supplementation decreased the total bacteria, fungi, and methanogen populations but increased rumen microorganism diversity and richness. In conclusion, TSO can regulate the number and flora of rumen microorganisms through antimicrobial activity, thereby affecting rumen fermentation patterns, reducing methane production, and improving nutrient digestibility, and an optimal supplementation rate appears to be achieved with 1% TSO (DM basis).

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Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial Profile

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of Coconut Oil and Palm Oil on Growth, Rumen Microbiota, and Fatty Acid Profile of Suckling Calves

Effects of Coconut Oil and Palm Oil on Growth, Rumen Microbiota, and Fatty Acid Profile of Suckling Calves

Evaluation of Partial Replacement of Barley Grain with Heated Potato Processing By-products in the Diet of Dairy Cows Using an In vitro Gas Production Technique

Effect of Tea Seed Oil on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, Nutrient Degradability, and Microbial Profile in Water Buffalo

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