Effect of urban built form and density on building energy performance in temperate climates

Ahmadian, Ehsan; Sodagar, Behzad; Bingham, Chris; Elnokaly, Amira; Mills, Glen

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.110762

Cited by 48 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The structure is based on simple streamlined shapes. The wind resistance of the structure, the dependence of the wind load on the air density, the energy consumption of buildings should be taken into consideration for creating an energy-efficient form for the optimal density of a sustainable city [12,19]. It is worth noting that the construction of the future will rely on the emergence of new materials and technologies for waste-free production [16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lack of leisure drives a person to a vicious circle between work and home; therefore, it is important to create a compact planning structure with public places. As a result, the formation of the architecture of the future vertical city [12][13][14] and conceptual ideas for residential complexes should contribute to solving environmental problems and de-urbanization. Projects should combine a model of high sustainability and high-quality living standards of the population [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The vertical cities: reality or utopia of the future

Novikov

Gimazutdinova

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Growth of population affects the increase in demand for development of new areas. The article discusses current problems and trends in the development of vertical cities of the future. The last decade has seen the consolidation of the urban environment and the transition of urban planning from horizontal to vertical. The structure of future vertical cities minimizes land use and contributes to solving environmental problems and de-urbanization. The authors analyze the origin of «utopia» word and its meaning in the concepts of utopian cities since ancient times. The formation of a comfortable vertical city is a utopia aimed at turning it into the reality of the future. A general analysis of space-planning and architectural solutions of modern concepts helped to formulate the basic principles of creating a vertical city. The identified criteria of the architectural space will allow humanity to live in a comfortable environment, including the period of forced critical conditions. During the research, we presented a hypothesis of the emergence of vertical cities in the world and in Russia. The study can become the basis for forecasting the processes of urbanization and deurbanization, also as a concept creation for the development of a sustainable model of the future vertical city.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical cities: reality or utopia of the future

Novikov

Gimazutdinova

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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“…Since the relationship between buildings and urban form influences the energy consumption, the urban environment needs to be described considering all energy-related parameters. The urban parameters that are mainly used to describe the urban morphology are: building coverage ratio (BCR, m 2 /m 2 ), building density (BD, m 3 /m 2 ), main orientation of the streets and buildings (MOS, -), aspect ratio or height-to-width ratio (H/W, m/m), sky view factor (SVF, -), green area ratio (GAR, m 2 /m 2 ) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI, -) [5], [10], [11], [12].…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban-Scale Energy Models: the relationship between cooling energy demand and urban form

Mutani

Todeschi

Santantonio

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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To enhance the quality of life in cities, it is necessary to improve the energy performance of buildings together with a sustainable urban planning especially in high-density contexts. Previous works investigated the building shape, the urban morphology, and the local climate conditions to optimize the energy performance for space heating of buildings. The aim of this study is to validate a GIS-based engineering model to simulate the hourly energy demand for space cooling in residential buildings at neighborhood scale and to assess the relationship between the urban form and the energy performance in terms of cooling energy demand. A place- based methodology was applied to six neighborhoods in the city of Turin (Italy), identified as homogeneous zones with different building characteristics and urban contexts. The hourly cooling demand of residential buildings was studied starting from the energy balance at building scale, and then was applied at block of buildings scale with the support of GIS. This model was validated with a comparison of the results using CitySim tool and ISO 52016 assessment. In order to investigate the relationship between cooling energy demand and urban form, the GIS- based engineering model was applied to five typical blocks of buildings with different construction periods. The results show how cooling energy demand varies according to building characteristics and urban morphology in a continental-temperate climate. By this analysis, it is possible to identify the optimal block of building shape in Turin ensuring lower energy consumptions during the cooling season with different types of buildings.

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“…These resultant 1-hectare tiles allow average densities from urban density models to be down-scaled to the lot-scale, including variation in roof areas and garden size, which have key implications for the development of localized, decentralized infrastructure (Hargreaves, 2015). As a result, this approach has been used in a variety of spatial urban modeling, including in consideration of alternative water supplies (see Hargreaves et al, 2019) and future energy scenarios (see Hargreaves et al, 2017;Ahmadian et al, 2021).…”

Section: Urban Tilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential for sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) in a regional urbanization project

Chapman

Hall

2022

Front. Sustain. Cities

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With global urban populations expected to reach 5 billion by 2030, large-scale urban development is required to support and sustain this growing populous. At the same time, city planners are facing the pressures of climatic changes, which forecast more intense rainfall events, further exacerbating the existing challenge of surface water flooding in urban locations. Sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) are one proposed solution to help alleviate such problems, yet much still remains to be known about their operation, performance and potential benefit provision beyond the neighborhood scale, or within a mixed-form development. Using a case study of the Cambridge to Oxford Arc (a region of England earmarked for extensive urbanization), development patterns of different extents and spatial layout were modeled. The Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) was then used to simulate surface water runoff conditions in these developments during a 1-in-10-year rainfall event. Whilst denser scenarios typically led to greater peak runoff rates and total runoff volumes, this was not always the case under some SuDS designs as the denser scenarios provided the opportunity for more SuDS provision. The proportion of different surface cover types had a strong influence of runoff volumes and rates (due to the different impermeable surface areas and SuDS provision), and since the different housing typologies offered different proportions under each development scenario, there was no single typology that showed the lowest or highest runoff volume across all scenarios. The findings of this study highlight the importance in a planning context of considering multiple typologies and their footprints of different surfaces to maximize the potential of the development design in achieving the development's goals.

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Effect of urban built form and density on building energy performance in temperate climates

Cited by 48 publications

References 61 publications

The vertical cities: reality or utopia of the future

The vertical cities: reality or utopia of the future

Urban-Scale Energy Models: the relationship between cooling energy demand and urban form

The potential for sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) in a regional urbanization project

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