Effect of vaccination of hens with an avirulent strain of Salmonella typhimurium on immunity of progeny challenged with wild-Type Salmonella strains

Abstract

The avirulent Salmonella typhimurium 3985 was used to vaccinate white leghorn chickens at 16 and 18 weeks of age, and the effect of maternal antibody on Salmonella colonization of progeny of vaccinated hens was assessed with S. typhimurium F98 or 3985. Progeny of hens that had been vaccinated at 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 weeks of age with 3985 were used to determine the effect of maternal immunity on vaccine efficacy. Vaccination of hens induced long-lasting Salmonella-specific antibodies which were transferred into eggs and were detected as immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the egg yolk. Maternal antibody was detected in the progeny of vaccinated birds as IgG and IgA in serum and intestinal fluid, respectively. The titer of maternally transmitted IgG or IgA was highest in the first week of life of the progeny and declined with age. Maternal antibodies prevented colonization of the chicks by S. typhimurium 3985 and reduced colonization by S. typhimurium F98. Overall, chicks from vaccinated hens had significantly higher antibody responses than did the progeny of nonvaccinated hens after oral infection with Salmonella strains. Maternal antibody reduced the efficacy of vaccination of progeny with 3985 at 1 and 3 weeks of age. But vaccination at 2 and 4 weeks of age induced excellent protection against challenge with S. typhimurium F98 or S. enteritidis 27A PT 8 in birds from vaccinated hens and in specificpathogen-free chickens. Vaccination of chickens at 2 and 4 weeks of age has been shown to protect the birds against challenge with homologous and heterologous Salmonella serotypes. A combination of vaccination of adult animals and use of the progeny of vaccinated birds will enhance effective control of Salmonella infections in the poultry industry. This will complement the present control of Salmonella-associated food poisoning caused by Salmonella enteritidis in eggs because the avirulent S. typhimurium vaccine strain 3985 induced excellent protection against S. enteritidis in chickens.

Hydrostatic Filtration Enables Large-Scale Production of Outer Membrane Vesicles That Effectively Protect Chickens against Gallibacterium anatis

“…The presence of significant IgY titers against the OMVs in the egg yolk from chickens immunized with 2.5 µg and 25 µg OMVs ( Figure 5B) suggests the possibility of vertical transfer of immunity elicited in the parents by the immunization regimes adopted. Transfer of maternally derived IgYs has previously been shown to occur in chickens after vaccination against several pathogens [46,47], and is widely recognized to influence both positively [46,48] and negatively [47,49] the immunocompetence of the offspring during the early post-hatching period. In the absence of further data, we can unfortunately only speculate about the effect that passive immunity may have in protecting the offspring against G. anatis infections post-hatching, a hypothesis that will certainly have to be investigated in future studies.…”

AttenuatedSalmonella typhimuriumreduces ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and T-helper type 2 responses in mice

“…It was therefore postulated that an approved bacterial vaccine might have the potential to improve allergic asthma. Safe attenuated strains are already available as vaccines against pathogenic salmonella infection and are also commonly used for vaccination in farm animals [18,19]. Several attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strains have been developed, and their safety and efficacy as candidate typhoid fever vaccines have been evaluated in clinical trials [20].…”

“…Attenuated Salmonella spp., with its well‐understood genetics, known physiology and host Th1‐bias immune responses, serves as a potential candidate for an effective vaccine against asthma [17]. Safe attenuated salmonella strains are available and are often applied to farm animals and humans for vaccination [18–20]. Several strains have been tested recently as vehicles of DNA delivery in vivo [21–23].…”

Do maternally derived antibodies and early immune experience shape the adult immune response?

“…In contrast to previous studies on maternally derived antibodies, we found no effect of yolk antibodies on the juvenile immune response. Previous studies have reported both positive and negative effects of yolk antibodies on antigen‐specific antibody production in chicks (Hassan & Curtiss 1996; Grindstaff et al. 2006; Reid et al.…”