Effect of variable crop duration on grain yield of irrigated spring-wheat when flowering is synchronised

Peake, Allan; Das, Bianca T.; Bell, Kerry L.; Gardner, Matthew; Poole, Nick

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2018.09.004

Cited by 10 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similar to the analysis of Peake et al (2018), treatments were grouped by long-and short-cycle cultivars that flowered synchronously during the optimal flowering period defined by Flohr et al (2017). In each year, a two-sample t-test (GenStat 19 user interface, VSN International, 2013) was used to test for significant differences between pooled means of long-and shortcycle treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Field experiments conducted over many decades have given conflicting results when comparing yield of long-and shortcycle treatments with synchronized flowering time across a range of environments (Penrose, 1993;Gomez-Macpherson and Richards, 1995;Penrose and Martin, 1997;Hunt, 2017;Peake et al, 2018). The study of Gomez-Macpherson and Richards (1995), and others reviewed by them (Batten and Khan, 1987;Connor et al, 1992) revealed that while long-cycle treatments accumulated more dry matter, yields were equivalent to shortcycle treatments due to lower harvest index (HI) in early sown cultivars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of Coventry et al (1993) demonstrated a yield advantage of early sown long-cycle treatments, but only in one (1986) of the two seasons (1985 and 1986) studied. Peake et al (2018) suggested that in most of these studies that a deficiency of nitrogen may have limited grain yield, therefore long-cycle wheats with greater dry matter may have been discriminated against by experiencing greater nitrogen stress. Peake et al (2018) applied best practice agronomy under sub-tropical irrigated conditions and achieved synchronized flowering between short and long-cycle treatments in multiple site and year experiments between 2014 and 2016 (7 experiments in total).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peake et al (2018) suggested that in most of these studies that a deficiency of nitrogen may have limited grain yield, therefore long-cycle wheats with greater dry matter may have been discriminated against by experiencing greater nitrogen stress. Peake et al (2018) applied best practice agronomy under sub-tropical irrigated conditions and achieved synchronized flowering between short and long-cycle treatments in multiple site and year experiments between 2014 and 2016 (7 experiments in total). Results from these experiments showed a yield advantage (0.5-1.5 t ha −1 ) in 70% of experiments for long-cycle treatments over short-cycle treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hunt 2017hypothesized that long-cycle treatments may only have a yield advantage in seasons when the soil profile has water that is accessible at depth, and limited water at shallow depths due to limited rainfall so that the potentially deeper root growth of long cycle treatments becomes advantageous. Whilst the study of Peake et al (2018) supports this hypothesis, it has not been tested in experiments with measurements of soil water and dry matter accumulation. The aim of this study was to clarify the environmental conditions that confer an advantage to long-cycle crops in a rain-fed environment, and identify the mechanisms responsible for any observed yield advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Soil Water-Use Determines the Yield Benefit of Long-Cycle Wheat

et al. 2020

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Wheat production in southern Australia is reliant on autumn (April-May) rainfall to germinate seeds and allow timely establishment. Reliance on autumn rainfall can be removed by sowing earlier than currently practiced and using late summer and early autumn rainfall to establish crops, but this requires slower developing cultivars to match life-cycle to seasonal conditions. While slow-developing wheat cultivars sown early in the sowing window (long-cycle), have in some cases increased yield in comparison to the more commonly grown fast-developing cultivars sown later (short-cycle), the yield response is variable between environments. In irrigated wheat in the sub-tropics, the variable response has been linked to ability to withstand water stress, but the mechanism behind this is unknown. We compared short-vs. long-cycle cultivars × time of sowing combinations over four seasons (2011, 2012, 2015, and 2016) at Temora, NSW, Australia. Two seasons (2011 and 2012) had above average summer fallow (December-March) rain, and two seasons had below average summer fallow rain (2015 and 2016). Initial plant available water in each season was 104, 91, 28, and 27 mm, respectively. Rainfall in the 30 days prior to flowering (approximating the critical period for yield determination) in each year was 8, 6, 14, and 190 mm, respectively. We only observed a yield benefit in long-cycle treatments in 2011 and 2012 seasons where there was (i) soil water stored at depth (ii) little rain during the critical period. The higher yield of long-cycle treatments could be attributed to greater deep soil water extraction (<1.0 m), dry-matter production and grain number. In 2015, there was little rain during the critical period, no water stored at depth and no difference between treatments. In 2016, high in-crop rainfall filled the soil profile, but high rainfall during the critical period removed crop reliance on deep water, and yields were equivalent. A simulation study extended our findings to demonstrate a median yield benefit in long-cycle treatments when the volume of starting soil water was increased. This work reveals environmental conditions that can be used to quantify the frequency of circumstances where long-cycle wheat will provide a yield advantage over current practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Soil Water-Use Determines the Yield Benefit of Long-Cycle Wheat

et al. 2020

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A scrutiny of plasticity management in irrigated wheat systems under CMIP6 earth system models (case study: Golestan Province, Iran)

Hosseinpour,

Bagherikia,

Soughi

et al. 2024

Theor Appl Climatol

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Global wheat production has faced, and will persist in encountering many challenges. Therefore, developing a dynamic cultivation approach generated through modeling is crucial to coping with the challenges in speci c districts. The modeling can contribute to achieving global objectives of farmers' nancial independence and food security by enhancing the cropping systems. The current study aims to assess the effects of cultivars and sowing windows intricately on irrigated wheat production using the two models from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), including ACCES-CM2 and HadGEM31-LL under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP245, and SSP585). A two-year on-farm experiment was conducted for parametrization and validation of the APSIM-Wheat model at two locations. The model reasonably simulated the days to anthesis, maturity, biomass production, and yield within all cultivars. The normalized root-meansquare error (RMSE) of the phenological stages was simulated and measured values were 5% and 2-4%, while the index of agreement (IOA) was in the range of 0.84-0.88 and 0.95-0.97. An acceptable agreement of the simulated biomass (RMSE = 5-7% and 0.91 − 0.78) and yield (RMSE = 6-11% and IOA = 0.70-0.94) was identi ed in the model. Afterward, the LARS-WG model generated the baseline (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014) based on the weather data at the sites and projected the models for the near (2030-2049) and remote future (2050-2070). The models revealed that not only the average maximum and minimum temperatures will rise by 1.85°C and 1.62°C which will exacerbate the reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ), but also the precipitation and solar radiation will reach + 58%, and + 0.25 Mj m − 2 . Our results clearly showed that precipitation volume over the growing seasons would elevate approximately two times as much as the baseline in the future, while there is a signi cant decrease in water productivity (WP) and yield from the intensive ET 0 . Based on the wheat simulation, the short-duration cultivar (Kalate) combined with the postponed planting (16-Dec) was determined as a practical alternative; nonetheless, both WP and yield signi cantly decreased by 40% and 7%, respectively (p < 0.05). In conclusion, identifying and analyzing future farming conditions (e.g., agro-climate, soil and crop management data) would provide a perception of the forthcoming scenarios. When applied, this knowledge can potentially mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change on global wheat production.* represents the statistical signi cance (p < 0.05) of the data's average compared to the baseline (1: ACCESS-CM2 and 2: HadGEM3).

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