Effect of variable infill density on mechanical behaviour of 3-D printed PLA specimen: an experimental investigation

Tanveer, Md. Qamar; Haleem, Abid; Suhaib, Mohd

doi:10.1007/s42452-019-1744-1

Cited by 50 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Samples with a 75% infill have a smaller maximum displacement (2.22 mm) than those with 50% (2.28 mm) even if the maximum sustained load (4.03 kN) is higher than that at a 50% infill (3.56 kN). It has been demonstrated [ 21 ] that the outer layers (shell), which are denser, provide a resistance to crack propagation. Under action load, during failure of the sample, the cracks propagate from shell to core (inner layers) [ 21 , 36 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infill Density Influence on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide Composites Manufactured by FFF Process

et al. 2022

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In three-dimensional (3D) printing, one of the main parameters influencing the properties of 3D-printed materials is the infill density (ID). This paper presents the influence of ID on the microstructure, mechanical, and thermal properties of carbon fiber-reinforced composites, commercially available, manufactured by the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process. The samples were manufactured using FFF by varying the infill density (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) and were subjected to tensile tests, three-point bending, and thermal analyses by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). It was shown that the samples with 100% ID had the highest values of both tensile, 90.8 MPa, and flexural strengths, 114 MPa, while those with 25% ID had the lowest values of 56.4 MPa and 62.2 MPa, respectively. For samples with infill densities of 25% and 50%, the differences between the maximum tensile and flexural strengths were small; therefore, if the operating conditions of the components allow, a 25% infill density could be used instead of 50%. After DSC analysis, it was found that the variation in the ID percentage determined the change in the glass transition temperature from 49.6 °C, for the samples with 25% ID, to 32.9 °C, for those with 100% ID. TGA results showed that the samples with IDs of 75% and 100% recorded lower temperatures of onset degradation (approximately 344.75 °C) than those with infill densities of 25% and 50% (348.5 °C, and 349.6 °C, respectively).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results concluded that an 85% infill density for each infill pattern demonstrated the highest energy absorption. In [ 21 ], Tanveer et al investigated the impact strength of the PLA samples with 50%, 70%, and 100% infill densities. The authors concluded that impact strength is direct proportional to infill density percentage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infill Density Influence on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide Composites Manufactured by FFF Process

et al. 2022

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“…The mechanical properties of each filling type were determined by taking the average of 5 tests. Some studies in the literature say that mechanical strength is directly proportional to the filling ratio [1,15,16]. It is obvious that the 100% filling ratio will increase the printing cost by increasing the raw material and production time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing (AM) method commonly used for the creation of three-dimensional solid objects by enabling computer-generated models to be converted cheaply, quickly and easily into physical parts. FDM stands out with its features such as being cheaper than other AM printing technologies, being easier to maintain and having lower hardware costs [1]. FDM technologies offer rapidly developing and promising solutions in many areas of healthcare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3 Boyutlu Basılı PLA Numunelerinin İç Mimarisinin Mekanik Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Deneysel İncelenmesi

Boğa¹,

Seyedzavvar²,

Zehir³

2021

European Journal of Science and Technology

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3D printing technology is a method of fused deposition modeling (FDM) used in the aerospace industry, in light and complex structural modeling, manufacturing and prototyping of many medical tools. Polylactic acid (PLA) is used as a raw material in 3D printers due to its non-toxicity, biodegradability and easy manufacturability for industrial designs and medical applications. In this study, PLA samples were produced on a 3D printer at 70% constant filling ratio in four different filling types: line, triangle, hexagon and 3D infill. Tensile tests were performed on the samples in order to examine the effect of the filling type on the mechanical behavior. After the tests, mechanical properties of the samples such as modulus of elasticity, yield stress, maximum tensile stress and Poisson's ratio were determined. The results revealed that the filling type had significant influence on the mechanical properties of the FDM fabricated samples. It was shown that the triangle type of filling pattern in printing process yielded the highest strength to weight ratio of the fabricated sample and provided savings in raw material consumption.

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“…Kuczko et al (2014) found that the impact strength of FDM-based samples is lesser than the parts fabricated by injection moulding. Tanveer et al (2019) measured the impact strength of PLA specimens having 50%, 70% and 100% infill density and concluded that the impact strength is directly proportionate to infill density. The study predicted that the higher material packing density enhances the impact resistance and reduces the stress intensity factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of process parameters on the impact resistance of 3D printed PLA specimens under water-absorption and heat-treated conditions

Mishra

Ponnusamy

Nallamilli

2021

RPJ

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effect of water absorption and heat treatment on the impact strength of three-dimensional (3D) printed Izod specimens. A low-cost post-processing technique is proposed to improve the impact strength of 3D printed parts substantially. Design/methodology/approach In the present work, the effect of water absorption and the heat-treatment on the impact resistance of 3D printed poly-lactic acid parts possessing different layer-height, build-orientation and raster-orientation was studied. Water absorption tests were conducted in distilled water and it was observed that the water- absorption in specimens follows the Fickian diffusion mechanism. A set of specimens was heat-treated at 120°C for 1 h using an induction furnace. Post water absorption and heat-treatment a significant increase in the impact resistance is noticed and especially a steep increase in impact resistance is observed in heat-treated specimens. Findings Experimental findings show that raster orientation played a major role in the impact resistance of a 3D printed structure in comparison to other process parameters. The order of influence of process parameters on the impact strength of specimens was disclosed by the mean effect plots. In terms of processing time and cost, the post-processing heat-treatment approach was found to be convenient compared to the water absorption technique. Originality/value This paper presents a new set of low-cost post-processing techniques (water-absorption and heat-treatment) for improving the impact strength of 3D printed specimens.

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Effect of variable infill density on mechanical behaviour of 3-D printed PLA specimen: an experimental investigation

Cited by 50 publications

References 17 publications

Infill Density Influence on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide Composites Manufactured by FFF Process

Infill Density Influence on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polyamide Composites Manufactured by FFF Process

3 Boyutlu Basılı PLA Numunelerinin İç Mimarisinin Mekanik Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Deneysel İncelenmesi

The influence of process parameters on the impact resistance of 3D printed PLA specimens under water-absorption and heat-treated conditions

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