Effect of Various Dietary Lipid Levels on Quantitative Essential Fatty Acid Requirements of Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>

González-Félix, Mayra L.; Gatlin, Delbert M.; Lawrence, Addison L.; Pérez-Velázquez, Martín

doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.2002.tb00509.x

Cited by 75 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Crustaceans generally have a limited ability to synthesize HUFAs such as 20:4n-6 and 20:5n-3 from 18-C precursors such as 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 (González-Félix et al 2002). However, our results show an increase in the relative abundance of these HUFAs between sea urchins and crabs regardless of sea urchin diet or crab species.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Fatty acids tracers for native and invasive macroalgae in an experimental food web

Kelly

Scheibling²,

Iverson³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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ABSTRACT:We assessed the potential of fatty acid (FA) markers for tracing primary production from an invasive green alga (Codium fragile ssp. fragile) and a native kelp (Saccharina longicruris) through 2 trophic levels in an experimental food web: a primary consumer, the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, and 2 secondary consumers, the native rock crab Cancer irroratus and invasive green crab Carcinus maenas. Sea urchins fed the 2 algal species had distinct gonadal FA compositions, and contained markers of each alga. Crabs of each species were then fed the gonads of sea urchins which had been fed either S. longicruris or C. fragile, and their hepatopancreases were analyzed. We were able to distinguish crabs of both species with C. fragile at the base of the food chain using the marker FAs 16:3n-3 and 18:3n-3. The overall FA composition of the hepatopancreas differed with diet in the green crab but not the rock crab. Our results suggest that 16:3n-3 may be a useful marker for tracing C. fragile production in grazers and some secondary consumers in rocky subtidal habitats in the Northwest Atlantic, but signal attenuation with each trophic transfer will limit the utility of this approach in higher consumers. KEY WORDS: Fatty acid · Sea urchin · Crab · Macroalgae · Invasive species · Dietary tracer · Food web Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 391: [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] 2009 marker FA or an unusually large quantity of one or more FAs, it may be possible to trace primary producers through multiple trophic levels to higher-order consumers (Hall et al. 2006). Thus FA analysis may be particularly useful for elucidating the role of non-native algal species in the food webs of invaded ecosystems if the non-native species differ from native species in their overall FA composition or in their relative abundance of particular marker FAs.The rocky subtidal ecosystem in Atlantic Canada presents an ideal model system for testing the transfer of FA markers across multiple trophic levels, and for tracking a non-native primary producer through a food web using FA analysis. Historically, this ecosystem has alternated between 2 states: kelp beds (mostly Saccharina longicruris and Laminaria digitata) with a low density of sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, and barren grounds dominated by sea urchins and encrusting coralline algae (Scheibling 1986). Facilitative interactions between recently introduced non-native species have brought about a third state of this ecosystem, in which an invasive green alga, Codium fragile ssp. fragile (previously C. fragile ssp. tomentosoides, Provan et al. 2008; hereafter C. fragile), has replaced kelp as the dominant canopy-forming macroalga off Nova Scotia and in the Gulf of Maine (Harris & Tyrrell 2001, Chapman et al. 2002, Levin et al. 2002. The fate of C. fragile production is largely unknown, as it contains a chemical that may deter herbivores in the wild (Lyons et al. 2007, Lyons &...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Fatty acids tracers for native and invasive macroalgae in an experimental food web

Kelly

Scheibling²,

Iverson³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…By increasing dietary lipid level, whole-body lipid content of shrimp will increase (Abedian Kennari 2001;Gonzalez-Felix et al 2002a), which could have negative effects on shrimp muscle quality by making its flesh more vulnerable to oxidation. According to Abedian Kennari and Pagheh (2007), Indian white shrimp juveniles (3-6 g) can tolerate up to 14% dietary lipid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, survival, and fatty acid composition of Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus (Milne Edwards) fed diets containing different levels of vitamin E and lipid

et al. 2011

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The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of two levels of vitamin E (100 and 300 mg/kg diet) along with two levels of lipid (9 and 14%) and their interaction on growth performance of Indian white shrimp and consequently to evaluate the fatty acid composition and lipid stability of its muscle tissue during frozen storage. Growth of juvenile Indian white shrimp was not significantly affected by dietary vitamin E and lipid levels. Muscle lipid content of shrimp fed diets with 14% lipid was significantly higher than that of with 9% lipid. Obvious effects of the increase in dietary lipid level on muscle fatty acid composition were significant decrease in proportion of 16:0 and increase in proportion of 20:5n-3. The content of vitamin E concentration in shrimp muscle reflected dietary vitamin E concentration and ranged from 6.68 to 14.8 mg/kg muscle corresponding to two (100 and 300 mg/kg) levels of vitamin E in fish diet, respectively. Subsequently, results showed that by increasing the concentration of vitamin E from 100 to 300 mg/kg in diet, the rate of lipid oxidation in the muscle tissue during frozen storage was reduced and, as a result, caused higher HUFA retention in muscle of shrimp fed diet with high lipid level.

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“…Among the nutrients, long chained polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (LC-PUFA) of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are evidently responsible for proper functioning of cardiovascular, renal, nervous, immune and reproductive systems as well as the regulatory nutrient for the formation of brain and structure [15,16]. In crustaceans, EPA and DHA play vital role for the cytokine regulation [17] and outer shell formation [18], and the main component of the body shell is chitin. However, supply of improper nutritional diet is resulting in moulting failure of crustaceans, known as Moulting Death Syndrome (MDS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marine crustaceans including mud crab larvae are unable to synthesize these EFAs in situ or incapable of bio-converting from the parent omega-3 molecule of ALA linolenic acid (α-18:3ω3). Therefore EFAs should be supplied through diet [18,19]. Boosting of EPA and DHA through enrichment of live prey provided better results in crab larvae rearing [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Essential Fatty Acids Containing Natural and Commercial Diets on Larvae Rearing of the Green Mud Crab <i>Scylla Paramamosain</i> (Estampador 1949)

Islam

Yahya

et al. 2017

J. Sci. Res.

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Effect of essential fatty acids (EFA) on growth and survival of the green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) larvae was assessed by feeding with natural to commercial diets. The feeding schemes were: larvae reared with Artemia (T1); larvae initially fed with rotifers (up to Z2) and ended (Z3 to megalopa) with Artemia (T2); and larvae fed with rotifers up to Z2 and ended (Z3 to megalopa) with commercial diet (T3). The commercial diet had significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of docosahexaenoic acid (11.23%), ∑n-3's (15.90%) and ∑n-6's (4.21%); and lacked in eicosapentaenoic acid (2.25%) than rotifer and Artemia. The earliest commencement of megalopa stage within 15 days with significantly (p<0.05) higher larval stage index (LSI) of 5.90±0.17 was achieved from the feeding scheme of T2 than other two feeding schemes. This feeding scheme deposited 17.32±0.19% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 3.82±0.11% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); the ∑n-3 to ∑n-6 ratio of 0.20 and EPA to DHA ratio of 0.22 in megalopa, that stimulated significantly higher (p<0.05) megalopa survival (20.00±6.96%) indicating the superiority over rest feeding schemes. Meanwhile, some deformities and mortalities in Z5 and megalopa stages suggested further studies for optimization of specific fatty acid requirements for late larval stages (Z5 and megalopa).

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Effect of Various Dietary Lipid Levels on Quantitative Essential Fatty Acid Requirements of Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Cited by 75 publications

References 18 publications

Fatty acids tracers for native and invasive macroalgae in an experimental food web

Fatty acids tracers for native and invasive macroalgae in an experimental food web

Growth, survival, and fatty acid composition of Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus (Milne Edwards) fed diets containing different levels of vitamin E and lipid

Effects of Essential Fatty Acids Containing Natural and Commercial Diets on Larvae Rearing of the Green Mud Crab <i>Scylla Paramamosain</i> (Estampador 1949)

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