Effect of various iodine supplementations, rapeseed meal application and two different iodine species on the iodine status and iodine excretion of dairy cows

Franke, Katrin; Meyer, Ulrich; Wagner, Hubertus; Hoppen, H.-O.; Flachowsky, Gerhard

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2009.04.012

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Both Se and I are microminerals with a very good response to dietary supplementation (Schöne et al, 2009;Franke et al 2009b;Cook and Green, 2010) and the algae supplementation allowed the maintenance of an adequate I and Se status during the experiment -note that although plasma Se concentrations were adequate at the beginning, they tended to decrease during the experiment in the control animals. On the contrary, the reduction of the plasma Mo concentration in the algae-supplemented group was not clear.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of seaweed from the Galician coast as a mineral supplement in organic dairy cattle

Rey-Crespo

López‐Alonso

Miranda

2014

Animal

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This study was designed to assess the value of seaweeds from the Galician coast as a source of minerals (especially iodine (I) but also other micro-minerals) in organic dairy cattle. It was conducted in an organic dairy farm in the Lugo province that typically represents the organic milk production in NW Spain. The animal's diet consisted mainly of local forage (at pasture or as hay and silage in the winter) and 5 kg of purchased concentrate/day per animal (representing 23.5% of feed intake). Based on the mineral composition of the diet, the physiological requirements and the EU maximum authorised levels in feed, a supplement composed by Sea Lettuce (Ulva rigida) (as flakes, 80%), Japanese Wireweed (Sargasum muticum) (flakes, 17.5%) and Furbelows (Saccorhiza polyschides) (powder, 2.5%) was formulated to give 100 g/animal per day. Sixteen Holstein Friesian lactating cows were randomly selected and assigned to the control (n = 8) and algae-supplemented groups (n = 8). Both groups had exactly the same feeding and management with the exception of the algae supplement, which was mixed with the concentrate feed and given to the animals at their morning milking for 10 weeks. Heparinised blood (for plasma analysis) and milk samples were collected at 2-week intervals and analysed for toxic and trace element concentrations by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry or inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The algae supplement significantly improved the animals' mineral status, particularly I and selenium that were low on the farm. However, the effect of the algae supplement on the molybdenum status in cattle needs further investigation because of its great relevance on copper metabolism in ruminants. The I supply deserves special attention, since this element is at a very high concentration in brown-algae species and it is excreted in the milk proportionally to its concentration in plasma concentrations (mean ± s.e. in the algae-supplemented and control groups were 268 ± 54 and 180 ± 42 µg/l, respectively).Keywords: dairy cattle, iodine, minerals, organic production, seaweed ImplicationsOur study demonstrates the potential of seaweeds as a source of microminerals in dairy cattle. The algae supplement is well accepted by the animals and significantly improves mineral status (particularly iodine and selenium) of the animals. IntroductionEuropean Union regulations stipulate that at least 60% of feed on organic farms must be fresh or conserved forage; limiting the routine use of vitamin and mineral preparations (Commission Regulation (EC), 2008), Limiting the use of concentrates and relying on soil minerals (which can be low in some areas) can lead to some mineral deficiencies (Blanco-Penedo et al., 2009). Within organic livestock, dairy cattle are possibly the animal species in which nutrition plays the major role because of their great nutritional requirements during early lactation, and to meet them the organic regulations allow a higher proportion of concentrate feed (50%) compared with other live...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of seaweed from the Galician coast as a mineral supplement in organic dairy cattle

Rey-Crespo

López‐Alonso

Miranda

2014

Animal

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“…But differences in serum iodine concentration after supplementation of these two iodine sources have already been described in feeding experiments with cows. Franke et al (2009) found a significantly lower iodine concentration in serum after providing iodate compared to iodide. They assumed that this effect is caused by absorption, which takes place at different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, due to the conversion of iodate into iodide.…”

Section: Blood Serummentioning

confidence: 86%

“…According to EU legislation, the maximum level for laying hens is 5 mg I/kg feed (EU Commission 2005), whereby different iodine sources are permitted for supplementation. Some studies assumed that differences in intestinal absorption may lead to varying iodine transfer into food of animal origin (Leskova 1969;Franke et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of iodine level and source on iodine carry-over in eggs and body tissues of laying hens

Röttger

Halle

Wagner

et al. 2012

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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In the presented study the effect of different iodine (I) levels and sources in hen feed on the iodine concentration of different tissues, blood serum, and eggs of laying hens was studied. For this purpose, two experiments were conducted with 30 laying hens each. In these experiments feed was enriched with KI and Ca(IO(3))(2), respectively, at 0 (Control), 0.25, 0.5, 2.5 and 5 mg I/kg feed, resulting a analysed iodine level from 0.44 to 4.20 mg/kg feed. After four weeks experimental feeding the iodine concentrations of thyroid glands, blood, meat, liver, abdominal fat and eggs were measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The experimental treatment did not affect hen performance. The iodine supplementation significantly increased the iodine concentration of eggs (144-1304 μg/kg), thyroid glands (3367-5975 μg/g), blood serum (16-67 μg/kg) and liver (13-43 μg/kg). Meat (about 14 μg I/kg) and abdominal fat (about 12 μg I/kg) were not significantly affected by iodine treatment. Comparative regression analyses showed that at a similar iodine intake, the supply via KI resulted in significantly higher iodine deposition into eggs than Ca(IO(3))(2). Due to the high carry-over of iodine into eggs, eggs may considerably contribute to the iodine supply of the consumers.

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“…Finally, the algae groups (A, AB) showed significantly higher serum Co concentrations compared to the control group (36% and 51% respectively); even though, the serum Co concentration was always within the reference ranges. Iodine, Se and Co serum concentrations show a good response to dietary supplementation (Franke et al, 2009;Sch€ one et al, 2009;Cook and Green, 2010). The homoeostatic control of these elements is mainly mediated by urinary excretion: they are absorbed from the intestinal tract at high rates without a homoeostatic control (Kirchgessner et al, 1994(Kirchgessner et al, , 1997(Kirchgessner et al, , 1999.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different strategies of mineral supplementation (marine algae alone or combined with rumen boluses) in organic dairy systems

López‐Alonso

Rey-Crespo

Galdo

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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This study was designed to evaluate the effect of marine algae supplementation alone or in combination with a regular mineral supplement (rumen boluses) to improve the mineral status in organic dairy cattle and their effect on the milk mineral composition, milk production, composition (% of fat and protein) and quality (SCC). Thirty-two Holstein Friesian lactating cows were randomly selected and assigned to the algae (A), boluses (B), algae+boluses (AB) and control group (C). For the algae groups (A, AB), a supplement composed of Sea Lettuce (80%), Japanese Wireweed (17.5%) and Furbelows (2.5%) was formulated to be given to the cows at the rate of 100 g/animal per day (A1) for the length of 4 weeks. In the second half of the experiment (weeks 5-8), the algae mixture was reformulated and the proportion of Furbelows was increased from 2.5% to 5.0% with a subsequent decrease of Lettuce to 77.5% (A2). In the boluses group (B), each cow received 2 boluses after calving. Blood (serum) and milk samples were collected at 2 and 4 week intervals, respectively, and analysed for trace element concentrations by ICP-MS. Information related to the milk composition and SCC during a 305-day lactation for each animal were obtained from the Dairy Records Management System. The supplementation with algae, boluses or the combination of both treatments showed a statistically significant effect on the iodine (algae), selenium (boluses) and cobalt (algae+boluses) status of the animals. In milk, treatments had a statistical significant increase on iodine, and a tendency to increase selenium concentrations. The assayed algae mixture combined with another source of selenium could be an effective tool to improve the mineral status in serum and milk.

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Effect of various iodine supplementations, rapeseed meal application and two different iodine species on the iodine status and iodine excretion of dairy cows

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

The use of seaweed from the Galician coast as a mineral supplement in organic dairy cattle

The use of seaweed from the Galician coast as a mineral supplement in organic dairy cattle

The effects of iodine level and source on iodine carry-over in eggs and body tissues of laying hens

Effects of different strategies of mineral supplementation (marine algae alone or combined with rumen boluses) in organic dairy systems

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