Effect of various organic fibers on the stiffness, strength and impact resistance of polypropylene; a comparison

Várdai, Róbert; Ferdinánd, M.; Lummerstorfer, Thomas; Pretschuh, Claudia; Jerabek, Michael; Gahleitner, Markus; Faludi, Gábor; Móczó, János; Pukánszky, Béla

doi:10.1002/pi.6105

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Impact resistance is another mechanical property that is important for most structural materials; generally large strength and impact resistance is required from such materials used in practice [ 59 , 60 ]. The impact strength of the composites prepared in this study is presented in Figure 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This latter shows the total number of signals detected up to a certain deformation and its shape offers information about the process itself. Debonding is often accompanied by a saturation-like correlation [ 59 ], but the shape in itself does not allow the unambiguous identification of the dominating local deformation process [ 63 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The larger stress obtained for starch is consistent with the explanation given above, i.e., debonding needs larger stress for smaller particles. In the case of the fiber-reinforced polymer the second process is mostly related to the fracture of the fibers [ 52 , 57 , 59 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of Biocomposites with Natural Reinforcements: The Effect of Native Starch and Sugarcane Bagasse Fibers

et al. 2022

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Biocomposites were prepared from poly(lactic acid) and two natural reinforcements, a native starch and sugarcane bagasse fibers. The strength of interfacial adhesion was estimated by model calculations, and local deformation processes were followed by acoustic emission testing. The results showed that the two additives influence properties differently. The strength of interfacial adhesion and thus the extent of reinforcement are similar because of similarities in chemical structure, the large number of OH groups in both reinforcements. Relatively strong interfacial adhesion develops between the components, which renders coupling inefficient. Dissimilar particle characteristics influence local deformation processes considerably. The smaller particle size of starch results in larger debonding stress and thus larger composite strength. The fracture of the bagasse fibers leads to larger energy consumption and to increased impact resistance. Although the environmental benefit of the prepared biocomposites is similar, the overall performance of the bagasse fiber reinforced PLA composites is better than that offered by the PLA/starch composites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of Biocomposites with Natural Reinforcements: The Effect of Native Starch and Sugarcane Bagasse Fibers

et al. 2022

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“…Due to the small surface energy and weak adhesion of the fibers to the polymer, these latter debond under the effect of external load, and this debonding together with the ensuing plastic deformation increases impact strength. In the case of strong adhesion, even the fracture of the fibers consumes more energy than that of the matrix polymer [36,52,53]. All evidence indicates that the dispersed, heterophasic morphology of hybrid composites dominates over the changes of crystalline structure caused by the nucleation effect of the additives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystalline structure and reinforcement in hybrid PP composites

Várdai

Schäffer

Ferdinánd

et al. 2021

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Hybrid composites were prepared from a PP homopolymer, talc and PVA fibers by twin-screw extrusion and injection molding. Talc was added to improve stiffness, while the fibers serve to increase impact resistance. Mechanical properties were characterized by tensile and impact testing, while structure was studied by SEM and optical microscopy. The results showed that talc has a strong nucleating effect in the PP used in spite of the fact that the grade contained a nucleating agent inherently. PVA also nucleated the PP slightly, with trans-crystallization occurring around the fibers. The effect of the two components was independent of each other on lamella thickness, but crystallinity decreased with increasing PVA content in the hybrid composites. The results clearly showed that crystalline structure changes considerably upon the addition of the two components, both lamella thickness and crystallinity increasing. However, somewhat contradictorily, the effect of these changes on the mechanical properties of the composites is small. Model calculations have shown that stiffness increases by about 0.5 GPa due to nucleation, while moduli as large as 7 GPa are reached by the addition of talc. Impact resistance is completely independent of lamella thickness or crystallinity; this property is determined mainly by local deformation processes initiated by the PVA fibers. Dispersed structure and the direct effect of the additive determine properties in the hybrid composites studied, and the role of crystalline structure is of secondary importance.

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“…Material extrusion (MEX), which is also recognized as Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) or as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 1 , 2 , is an additive manufacturing (AM) process that employs a heated extruding nozzle to deposit a continuous filament of thermoplastic or polymer material layer by layer to create 3D parts 3 , 4 . MEX technology has several advantages over other AM technologies, including the diverse choice of filaments (such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), Polypropylene (PP) 5 , and polyethene terephthalate glycol (PETG) 6 , etc. ), a wide variety of filament colours 7 , 8 , fibre and metal reinforced polymer matrix composites with multi-functional properties 9 , 10 , ease of material loading and replacement, capability to utilize recycled materials 11 – 13 , inexpensive maintenance rates, rapid manufacturing of small parts, low tolerance, ability to print complex geometries 14 , and safe and nontoxic ingredients 15 , 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ironing process optimization for enhanced properties in material extrusion technology using Box–Behnken Design

Alzyod,

Ficzere

2024

Sci Rep

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Material Extrusion (MEX) technology, a prominent process in the field of additive manufacturing (AM), has witnessed significant growth in recent years. The continuous quest for enhanced material properties and refined surface quality has led to the exploration of post-processing techniques. In this study, we delve into the ironing process as a vital processing step, focusing on the optimization of its parameters through the application of Design of Experiments (DoE), specifically the Box–Behnken Design (BBD). Through a systematic examination of ironing process parameters, we identified optimal conditions that resulted in a substantial reduction in surface roughness (Ra) by approximately 69%. Moreover, the integration of optimized ironing process parameters led to remarkable improvements in mechanical properties. For instance, the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) saw a substantial improvement of approximately 29%, while the compressive strength (CS) showed an increase of about 25%. The flexural strength (FS) witnessed a notable enhancement of around 35%, and the impact strength (IS) experienced a significant boost of about 162%. The introduction of ironing minimizes voids, enhances layer bonding, and reduces surface irregularities, resulting in components that not only exhibit exceptional mechanical performance but also possess refined aesthetics. This research sheds light on the transformative potential of precision experimentation, post-processing techniques, and statistical methodologies in advancing Material Extrusion technology. The findings offer practical implications for industries requiring high-performance components with structural integrity and aesthetic appeal.

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Effect of various organic fibers on the stiffness, strength and impact resistance of polypropylene; a comparison

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Preparation of Biocomposites with Natural Reinforcements: The Effect of Native Starch and Sugarcane Bagasse Fibers

Preparation of Biocomposites with Natural Reinforcements: The Effect of Native Starch and Sugarcane Bagasse Fibers

Crystalline structure and reinforcement in hybrid PP composites

Ironing process optimization for enhanced properties in material extrusion technology using Box–Behnken Design

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