Effect of verapamil on bronchial goblet cells of asthma: An experimental study on sensitized animals

Verapamil modulates interleukin‐5 and interleukin‐6 secretion in organotypic human sinonasal polyp explants

“…Using this technique, our data demonstrated that verapamil was capable of significantly inhibiting the secretion of SEB‐stimulated IL‐5 and IL‐6 to levels equivalent to that of dexamethasone. This data supports the findings of Khakzad et al., who found that the immunomodulatory effects of verapamil approximated those of a corticosteroid. As each of these cytokines have been shown to participate in Th2‐skewed inflammation, this data suggests that verapamil could be used as an anti‐inflammatory agent in CRSwNP.…”

“…demonstrated that Ca v 1 inhibitors were capable of modulating IL‐4 production by Th2 cells, whereas no effect was seen in Th1 cells. These findings were supported by Khakzad et al., who studied the effects of verapamil, a known Ca v 1 inhibitor, in an ovalbumin‐induced model of murine asthma. The administration of verapamil at doses of 1.5 mg/kg/day resulted in a significant reduction in airway goblet cell hyperplasia and eosinophilic infiltration.…”

“…Verapamil represents a calcium channel blocker (CCB) that binds to the alpha subunit of L‐type voltage‐dependent calcium (Ca v 1) channels, thereby blocking the influx of calcium ions into the host cell . Although verapamil is classically used to promote the relaxation of cardiac and smooth muscle cells, recent evidence has suggested that it may also function as an immunomodulator in astrocytes, hepatocytes, and T cells .…”

“…Although verapamil is classically used to promote the relaxation of cardiac and smooth muscle cells, recent evidence has suggested that it may also function as an immunomodulator in astrocytes, hepatocytes, and T cells . Further research has demonstrated that verapamil is capable of both specifically reducing Th2‐associated inflammation in asthma and inhibiting P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) in sinonasal epithelial cells . These findings raise the provocative question as to whether verapamil could also be effective in reducing inflammation in CRSwNP.…”

Therapeutic effects of nebulized verapamil on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized and double‐blind clinical trial

“…In addition, the reducing effect of verapamil on the percentage of goblet cells and mucus secretion is another strong point conducing to its therapeutic effect on COPD patients . Among smoker patients, the remarkable improvement in FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF 25‐75 in verapamil compared with control group pointed out the strong bronchodilatory effect of CCBs.…”