Effect of vitamin E and highly unsaturated fatty acid-enrichedArtemia urmianaon growth performance, survival and stress resistance of Beluga (Huso huso) larvae

Abstract

A 44‐day rearing trial was conducted to examine the enrichment of Artemia urmiana nauplii with vitamin E and highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) and its effects on the growth performance, survival and stress resistance of great sturgeon, Huso huso, larvae. Cod liver oil (EPA 18% and DHA 12%) and α‐tocopherol acetate were used as lipid and vitamin E sources. Beluga larvae at the first exogenous feeding with 69±5.9 mg body weight were randomly distributed into four treatments and three tanks were assigned to each diet. The test treatments were as follows: larvae fed with HUFA+20% and HUFA+50% (w/w) vitamin E‐enriched Artemia nauplii (E1 and E2 groups, respectively), HUFA without vitamin E (HUFA group) and non‐enriched Artemia (control group). All treatments fed non‐enriched Artemia for the initial 5 days after first feeding and then fed enriched Artemia for 7 days. After the period of enrichment, larvae were fed with daphnia from the 13th to the 40th day. At day 40, submersion in salt water (6 ppt for 4 days and 12 ppt for 2 days) and warm water (33 °C for 2 days) was performed to evaluate larvae resistance to salinity and temperature stress. Final weight, daily growth rate, specific growth rate and weight gain were higher in beluga fed with enriched Artemia. The highest growth rates were observed in E1, whereas survival was not significantly different between groups. Use of vitamin E and HUFA significantly increased fish resistance to a salinity of 12 ppt and the lowest stress resistance was observed in the control group. Stress tolerance was not significantly different at 6 ppt and 33 °C between groups. There was no comparable difference in the haematocrit index under stress conditions. These results indicated that the enrichment of Artemia with essential fatty acids and vitamin E can affect some growth and stress tolerance factors in great sturgeon, Huso huso, larvae.

Hematology of great sturgeon (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758) juvenile exposed to brackish water environment

“…On the other hand, no differences were found in hematocrit between longterm fresh water and salt water acclimated juvenile Adriatic (Acipenser naccarii) (Martinez-Á lvarez et al 2002) or Gulf (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) (Altinok et al 1998) sturgeons, and juvenile Atlantic (Acipenser oxyrhynchus) and shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) sturgeons exercised vigorously (Baker et al 2005). Similarly, in a previous study on great sturgeon larvae, blood hematocrit was not affected by abrupt transfer from 0 to 6 ppt (after 96 h) and 12 ppt (after 48 h) (Jalali et al 2008). Differences in hematocrit level between this and previous studies in great sturgeon may be due to age/body size differences and acclimation period.…”

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“…nauplii live preys on growth and fatty acid content of Russian sturgeon larvae, similarly as in the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus; Hafezieh et al, 2009) and the beluga (Huso huso; Jalali et al, 2008). Moreover, simultaneous HUFA and vitamin C addition decreases the frequency of opercula deformations and results in increased tolerance for abiotic conditions (Noori et al, 2011).…”

“…In order to achieve higher survival, growth and stress-resistance numerous nutritional studies are conducted every year (Jalali et al, 2008;Ostaszewska et al, 2010;Ostaszewska et al, 2011;Noori et al, 2011).…”

Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on growth performance, survival, body composition, and some hematological parameters in giant sturgeon juvenile (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1754)

“…Caspian Sea is the habitat for the four commercial species of sturgeon (Keyvanshokooh et al 2009). The giant sturgeon (Huso huso) is the largest species of Acipenseriformes and one of the most important species of sturgeon in the Caspian Sea (Jalali et al 2008). This species is suitable for aquaculture because of its fast growth, ease of reproduction, and high tolerance to adverse environmental conditions (Mohseni et al 2008).…”