Effect of Vitrification Technique and Different Biochemical Materials on In Vitro Maturation Outcomes

Abstract

Background: In vitro maturation (IVM) is a culture technology that enables the immature oocytes to reach metaphase II (MII). Vitrification of immature oocytes followed by in vitro maturation can offer advantages, such as to avoid the use of large doses gonadotropins and also be an alternative approach to the use of endocrine stimulation to obtain pre-ovulatory oocytes in all cycles.

The Polymorphism Function of Protamine 1 Gene and Some Immunological Factors in Sterile Couples

“…Other reported data mentioned upsurge of sterile males at 26-35 years (63 5 %)" since the groups of young ages are looking for additional medical assistances and they are directed further to have a child, furthermore they are facing additional psychological stress and pressure regarding their families, it was measured that semen quality, ejaculation frequency, and tasks of sperm decline steadily with highly advanced age and begins to decline afterward 35 years (Omranet al, 2013). The stress, pollutions, and economic problems faced may be the chief issues resulting in sterility that distress such active group of age (Fakhrildin and Rasheed, 2013). Anti-sperm anti-bodies are perceived in males Sterility-suspected in 8% -21% of the situations (Haller et al, 2012).…”

“…The system of immunity should be changed to produce constantly anti-FSH anti-bodies, if the antigenic FSH from the circulating hormone from the organism of female, or produced from fluid of semen; the idea of system of immunity changes besides the greater production of numerous kinds of autoanti-bodies in polycystic ovary syndrome and endometriosis (Shataviet al, 2006). There is particular indirect sign that anti-FSH IgG anti-bodies might, though, extra worsen fecundity of females via declining the functionality of FSH; such data made us investigating the anti-FSH anti-bodies influence on -and developing sterility in females (Fakhrildin and Rasheed, 2013). Furthermore, to reflecting just alterations of immunity system, FSH-anti-bodies might as well have an influence on the Sterility development, the serum anti-FSH anti-bodies were engaged versus the human FSH molecule β -chain immune-dominant epitope, the 78-93 amino acid region, in such specific region, there is a loop named determinant loop or cysteine noose, the residues which have a function in assessing the FSH receptor binding specificity (Shataviet al, 2006).…”

“…Furthermore, to reflecting just alterations of immunity system, FSH-anti-bodies might as well have an influence on the Sterility development, the serum anti-FSH anti-bodies were engaged versus the human FSH molecule β -chain immune-dominant epitope, the 78-93 amino acid region, in such specific region, there is a loop named determinant loop or cysteine noose, the residues which have a function in assessing the FSH receptor binding specificity (Shataviet al, 2006). Such information together specifies that Sterility itself, rather than the sterility reason, might be an element of productivity for the anti-FSH antibodies emergence (Fakhrildin and Rasheed, 2013). Such finding was in accordance with (Prestiet al, 2009) in Iran, detected in 308 samples (35 fertile and 273 sterile cases) all PRM1 genomic fragments (557 bp) PCR products were utilized for digestion with BSeRI, the mentioned SNP absence results in full enzymatic amplified fragment digestion that yields 2 fragments with various lengths (319 bp and 238 bp) and there is no PRM1G197T SNP.…”

Effect of Teucrium polium aqueous extract on mice sperm

“…The sperm was collected from the male mice after sacrificed and both vas deferens were excised and washed by culture medium, then sperm were collected by flushing of vas deference by sterile syringe G-28 containing 1 ml of tissue culture medium-199 (TCM-199) (24).…”