Effect of Volatile and Non-Volatile Compounds of Trichoderma spp. on Botrytis Fabae the Causative Agent of Faba Bean Chocolate Spot

In the present work, the evaluation of the use of Trichoderma spp. for controlling different phytopathogens of agricultural importance (Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Phytophthora sp.) was carried out. Confrontation assays by dual culture, volatile metabolites (overlapping plate assay), and diffusible metabolites (poison medium assay) were performed to identify and select the Trichoderma strain with a greater spectrum of inhibition and the most sensitive phytopathogen. The production of hydrolytic enzymes associated with biological control by the Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 strain (chitinase, cellulase, amylase, and lipase) was evaluated. Subsequently, the use of solid‐state and submerged fermentation to produce extracts with antagonistic activity against B. cinerea was evaluated, and the production of specific activity β 1–3 glucanase was compared. It was found that Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 presented the greatest spectrum of inhibition against the phytopathogens evaluated, resulting in the strain of B. cinerea being the most sensitive microorganism to its effects (percentages of inhibition: dual culture 100%, volatile metabolites 100% and diffusible metabolites 28.24%). The Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 strain showed amylase, cellulase, and chitinase activity. It also produced activity titers β 1–3 glucanase of 13.22 U/g by solid‐state fermentation (SSF) and 8.19 U/mL by submerged fermentation, as well as specific activities of (1.38 U/mg) and (14.23 U/mg), respectively. The extracts produced by both fermentation systems did not present an antagonistic effect against B. cinerea; this can be attributed to the need for interaction with the phytopathogen in question for the induction of metabolites with antagonistic activity, as well as to the confusion that the evaluation of the antagonistic effect of diffusible metabolites, through the cellophane paper technique, can generate in which the mechanism of nutrient competition can cause the inhibitory effect. This work shows that the ability of one microorganism to exert biocontrol against another can vary depending on the mechanism through which it performs and demonstrates that the antagonist‐phytopathogenic interaction can promote the production of metabolites with antagonistic activity.

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“…In their research, Barakat et al. (2014) reported a 50% inhibition of B. fabae when working with a strain of T. album . Silva et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their research, Barakat et al (2014) reported a 50% inhibition of B. fabae when working with a strain of T. album. Silva et al (2021) reported a 35% inhibition of S. sclerotiorum when working with a strain of T. azevedoi CEN1241.…”

Section: Volatile Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the biocontrol effect of Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 extracts produced by fermentation processes against Botrytis cinerea Btcr GM3

Saldaña-Mendoza

Chávez‐González

Ramírez-Guzman

et al. 2023

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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“…Giza 716 were planted in pots (30 cm in diameter, three replicates of each cultivar). In order to preserve high relative humidity, the established plants were sprayed with the appropriate isolate's spore suspension 45 days after sowing and covered with polyethylene bags for 24 hours (Barakat et al, 2014). In this regard, biological control treatments were sprayed at the suggested concentrations ve days after the pathogen was arti cially inoculated.…”

Section: Antagonistic Effect Of Different Antagonists Against Botryti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of chocolate spot disease in faba bean plants by using biological control means

Ahmed,

Salem,

Mahmoud

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study was conducted in Nubaria city, EL-Behira Governorate, Egypt, during two winter growing seasons (2021/22 and 2022/23) to estimate the efficiency of different antagonists — Trichoderma album, T. atrovirde, T. hamatum and T. harzianum (30x106 spore/ml), as well as with the two commercial biocide products, including Blight Stop and Bio Zeid in controlling chocolate spot of bean plants on a naturally infected farm that has a history of high infection with the fungus Botrytis fabae, which causes brown spot disease which causes a decrease in productivity. In vitro, T. atroviride significantly caused the highest reduction of mycelial growth being 90.00 % followed by T. harzianum (86.67 %) and T. T. album (83.89%) on the average. In vivo, all tested antagonists significantly reduced disease incidence and severity of Botrytis fabae in both seasons 2021/22 and 2022/23. T. atroviride showed the highest efficacy bioagent (73.55 and 85.15%) followed by T. harzianum (72.55 and 81.22%) in controlling B. fabae of faba bean plants during two seasons 2021/22 and 2022/23, respectively. In addition, the results also showed that all tested bio-inducer treatments had an impact on yield components and increased levels of chlorophyll, protein%, phenols, flavonoids, peroxidase (PO), polyphenoloxidase (PPO), chitinase, and -1, 3-glucanase activities compared to control treatment in both seasons. In this regard, Spraying T. atroviride showed the highest efficacy bioagent followed by T. harzianum. On the other hand, T. hamatum showed the lowest efficacy in comparison with control treatment during the two growing seasons.

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“…Similarly, the fungal phytopathogen Alternaria alternata emits volatiles that promote growth and flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana (Sánchez-López et al, 2016). Furthermore, from the perspective of biocontrol, numerous microbial BVOCs emitted by phyllospheric microbes showed antagonistic activities towards various foliar phytopathogens (Barakat et al, 2014;Thakur & Harsh, 2014). Epiphytic microbes from plant phyllosphere play a role in mediating tripartite interactions (Figure 1), for example plant-arthropod interactions (Noman et al, 2020).…”

Section: Epi-microbial Bvocs In Promoting Growth Providing Associational Defence and Mediating Tripartite Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile‐mediated interactions with surface‐associated microbes: A parallelism between phyllosphere of plants and eco‐chemosphere of seaweeds

2021

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Effect of Volatile and Non-Volatile Compounds of Trichoderma spp. on Botrytis Fabae the Causative Agent of Faba Bean Chocolate Spot

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of the biocontrol effect of Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 extracts produced by fermentation processes against Botrytis cinerea Btcr GM3

Evaluation of the biocontrol effect of Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 extracts produced by fermentation processes against Botrytis cinerea Btcr GM3

Management of chocolate spot disease in faba bean plants by using biological control means

Volatile‐mediated interactions with surface‐associated microbes: A parallelism between phyllosphere of plants and eco‐chemosphere of seaweeds

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