Effect of walking speed in heart failure patients and heart transplant patients

Bona, Renata Luísa; Bonezi, Artur; Silva, Paula Figueiredo da; Biancardi, Carlo M.; Castro, Flávio Antônio de Souza; Clausel, Nadine

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2017.01.008

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, several studies have shown reductions in SSWSs considering the OWS in individuals with some locomotion disorder. Regardless of age, such differences have been observed in people with hemiparesis (Schuch, 2009), lower limb amputations using prostheses (Bona, 2011), Parkinson’s disease (Monteiro et al, 2017), Machado–Joseph Disease (unpublished), patients with head trauma sequels (unpublished), heart failure and heart transplant patients (Bona et al, 2017), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (Sanseverino et al, 2017), and interstitial lung disease (Queiroz, 2017); and in elderly people (Gomeñuka, 2016).…”

Section: Efficiency Economy and Power Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locomotion as a Powerful Model to Study Integrative Physiology: Efficiency, Economy, and Power Relationship

Peyré‐Tartaruga

Coertjens

2018

Front. Physiol.

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Locomotion is the most common form of movement in nature. Its study allows analysis of interactions between muscle functions (motor) and lever system arrangements (transmission), thereby facilitating performance analysis of various body organs and systems. Thus, it is a powerful model to study various aspects of integrative physiology. The results of this model can be applied in understanding body functions and design principles as performance outputs of interest for medical and biological sciences. The overall efficiency (effoverall) during locomotion is an example of an integrative parameter, which results from the ratio between mechanical output and metabolic input. Although the concepts of cost (i.e., metabolic expenditure relative to distance) and power (i.e., metabolic expenditure relative to time) are included in its calculation, the effoverall establishes peculiar relations with these variables. For a better approach to these aspects, in this study, we presented the physical-mathematical formulation of efficiency, as well as its conceptual definitions and applications. Furthermore, the concepts of efficiency, cost, and power are discussed from the biological and medical perspectives. Terrestrial locomotion is a powerful model to study integrative physiology in humans, because by analyzing the mechanical and metabolic determinants, we may verify the efficiency and economy relationship through locomotion type, and its characteristics and restrictions. Thus, it is possible to elaborate further on various improved intervention strategies, such as physical training, competition strategies, and ergogenic supplementation.

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Section: Efficiency Economy and Power Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locomotion as a Powerful Model to Study Integrative Physiology: Efficiency, Economy, and Power Relationship

Peyré‐Tartaruga

Coertjens

2018

Front. Physiol.

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“…Furthermore, patients with HF show impaired functional capacities, experience a declined ability to carry out their activities of daily living and suffer a reduced quality of life [12,14,17]. It has also been reported that patients with chronic HF show a slower gait speed than healthy subjects of the same age [18]. The maximal aerobic capacity has been inversely correlated to the severity of HF and has been directly correlated to the prognosis and the life expectancy [14,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Fuentes-Abolafio

Stubbs

Pérez‐Belmonte

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Patients with Heart Failure (HF) show impaired functional capacities which have been related to their prognosis. Moreover, physical functional performance in functional tests has also been related to the prognosis in patients with HF. Thus, it would be useful to investigate how physical functional performance in functional tests could determine the prognosis in patients with HF, because HF is the leading cause of hospital admissions for people older than 65 years old. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarise and synthesise the evidence published about the relationship between physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with HF, as well as assess the risk of bias of included studies and the level of evidence per outcome. Methods Major electronic databases, such as PubMed, AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Web of Science, were searched from inception to March 2020 for observational longitudinal cohort studies (prospective or retrospective) examining the relationship between physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with HF. Results 44 observational longitudinal cohort studies with a total of 22,598 patients with HF were included. 26 included studies reported a low risk of bias, and 17 included studies showed a moderate risk of bias. Patients with poor physical functional performance in the Six Minute Walking Test (6MWT), in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and in the Gait Speed Test showed worse prognosis in terms of larger risk of hospitalisation or mortality than patients with good physical functional performance. However, there was a lack of homogeneity regarding which cut-off points should be used to stratify patients with poor physical functional performance from patients with good physical functional performance. Conclusion The review includes a large number of studies which show a strong relationship between physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with HF. Most of the included studies reported a low risk of bias, and GRADE criteria showed a low and a moderate level of evidence per outcome.

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“…When comparing the per unit body mass, the cost of transport of smaller individuals is higher than that of larger ones and therefore their mechanical efficiency is lower. Nevertheless, the optimization of cost and efficiency is not a unique determinant of locomotion, and in some cases, when the cardiovascular or respiratory system are not performing well, inefficient yet economic (in absolute terms) locomotion patterns may be preferred (e.g., Bona et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematics of maleEupalaestrus weijenberghi(Araneae, Theraphosidae) locomotion on different substrates and inclines

Silva-Pereyra

Fábrica

Biancardi

et al. 2019

PeerJ

Self Cite

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Background The mechanics and energetics of spider locomotion have not been deeply investigated, despite their importance in the life of a spider. For example, the reproductive success of males of several species is dependent upon their ability to move from one area to another. The aim of this work was to describe gait patterns and analyze the gait parameters of Eupalaestrus weijenberghi (Araneae, Theraphosidae) in order to investigate the mechanics of their locomotion and the mechanisms by which they conserve energy while traversing different inclinations and surfaces. Methods Tarantulas were collected and marked for kinematic analysis. Free displacements, both level and on an incline, were recorded using glass and Teflon as experimental surfaces. Body segments of the experimental animals were measured, weighed, and their center of mass was experimentally determined. Through reconstruction of the trajectories of the body segments, we were able to estimate their internal and external mechanical work and analyze their gait patterns. Results Spiders mainly employed a walk-trot gait. Significant differences between the first two pairs and the second two pairs were detected. No significant differences were detected regarding the different planes or surfaces with respect to duty factor, time lags, stride frequency, and stride length. However, postural changes were observed on slippery surfaces. The mechanical work required for traversing a level plane was lower than expected. In all conditions, the external work, and within it the vertical work, accounted for almost all of the total mechanical work. The internal work was extremely low and did not rise as the gradient increased. Discussion Our results support the idea of considering the eight limbs functionally divided into two quadrupeds in series. The anterior was composed of the first two pairs of limbs, which have an explorative and steering purpose and the posterior was more involved in supporting the weight of the body. The mechanical work to move one unit of mass a unit distance is almost constant among the different species tested. However, spiders showed lower values than expected. Minimizing the mechanical work could help to limit metabolic energy expenditure that, in small animals, is relatively very high. However, energy recovery due to inverted pendulum mechanics only accounts for only a small fraction of the energy saved. Adhesive setae present in the tarsal, scopulae, and claw tufts could contribute in different ways during different moments of the step cycle, compensating for part of the energetic cost on gradients which could also help to maintain constant gait parameters.

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Effect of walking speed in heart failure patients and heart transplant patients

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Locomotion as a Powerful Model to Study Integrative Physiology: Efficiency, Economy, and Power Relationship

Locomotion as a Powerful Model to Study Integrative Physiology: Efficiency, Economy, and Power Relationship

Physical functional performance and prognosis in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kinematics of maleEupalaestrus weijenberghi(Araneae, Theraphosidae) locomotion on different substrates and inclines

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