Effect of waste Al-phosphate on soil and plant

Abstract

Irreplaceability of phosphorus as a necessary macroelement in crop production is due to limited resources and costly processing of ores and immobilization in soil, which force for seeking an alternative sources or the use of waste materials. In this paper, the waste aluminum phosphate from pharmaceutical factory used as phosphate fertilizer and its effects were compared with other phosphorus fertilizers (superphosphate and rock phosphate). Except the analysis of available phosphorus (AL-method) the sequential extraction of phosphorus (modified Chang and Jackson) and sequential extraction of aluminum (modified Tessier) were performed. The experimental plant was mustard (Sinapis alba). The pot experiment was carried out on two soil types: Stagnosol and Vertisol. Application of phosphorus with aluminum phosphate had the same effect as the application of other phosphatic fertilizers in both soil types. In Stagnosol Al-phosphate directly influenced the increase in plant fresh weight by 39% and dry weight by 43% compared to the control, and also decreased the content of mobile Al for 40% and Pb for 47% in plant biomass. Based on these results, the use of waste aluminum phosphate has a potential to be used as a phosphorus fertilizer under given conditions.

Effects of Amending Phosphatic Fertilizers with Clinoptilolite Zeolite on Phosphorus Availability and Its Fractionation in an Acid Soil

“…The TSP treatments showed a higher Al-P content compared with the RPs treatments (Figure 2 and Table 6), suggesting that a portion of the P of the TSP might have been adsorbed to the allophane and Al oxides of the soil at a faster rate than it was converted to other fractions. This observation is consistent with a report saying that Al-P varies with the rate of fertilization, high sesquioxides content, and low pH [47]. Thus, the relative increase in Al-P recovery following the use of TSP in this present study suggests the strong effect of fertilization on Al-P.…”

“…Regardless of the rate of P application, the reduction of Ca-P with time could be related to the recovering of Sol-P in the TSP treatments as previously discussed. The afore-stated results are in agreement with the observation of Hongqing et al [47] that dissolution of water soluble fertilizer (TSP) in acid soils produces Al-P and Fe-P forms (active inorganic P fraction) as source (sink) of available P for plant uptake, whereas the RP application increases the Ca-P fraction in soils because of their incomplete dissolution. Sol-P is loosely soluble P, Al-P is aluminum bound P, Fe-P is iron bound P, Ca-P is calcium bound P, Red-P is reductant P, and Occl-P is occluded P. T0-Soil alone, T1-triple superphosphate (TSP) at 100%, T2-TSP 75% + Clinoptilolite zeolite (CZ), C1-Christmas Island Rock phosphate (CIRP) at 100%, C2-CIRP 75% + CZ, E1-Egypt Rock phosphate (ERP) at 100%, E2-ERP 75% + CZ.…”

“…Thus, the relative increase in Al-P recovery following the use of TSP in this present study suggests the strong effect of fertilization on Al-P. The lower Al-P content recorded with RP treatments compared with TSP (Figure 2 and Table 6) was because rock phosphates are inherently composed of calcium apatite, which considerably increases Ca-P in soils [47]. As soil pH increased (Table 5), dissolution of RP was impeded by the 90 DAI.…”

Reducing Anion Nutrient Leaching Losses from a Short-Cycle Container-Grown Crop (Tagetes patula) Using Activated Aluminum

“…The growth index was equivalent on each individual sample date throughout the duration of each experiment, thus demonstrating the consistency in the growth rate dynamics maintained over time. The results were consistent with the observations made by Amaizah et al [64] in a study measuring the growth of mustard (Sinapis alba) in soils blended with and without recycled Al-P. In that study, an equivalent fresh and dry biomass was achieved when using Al-P compared to typical superphosphate or rock phosphate treatments; furthermore, there were reductions in both the soil and plant Al content when using recycled Al-P.…”