Effect of Water and Straw Management Practices on Methane Emissions from Rice Fields: A Review Through a Meta-Analysis

Sanchís, Emilio; Ferrer, Marta Guadalupe Rivera; Torres, Álvaro Pastor; Cambra‐López, María; Calvet, S.

doi:10.1089/ees.2012.0006

Cited by 72 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Despite the limited number of data points, the change in CH 4 emissions (−52.3%) is consistent with those reported elsewhere (e.g. approximately −50%, in the metaanalysis by Sanchis et al (2012), and −53% by Jiang et al (2019)). This consistency suggests that, while little work has been done on CO 2 emission responses to water-saving irrigation (Yang et al 2017), the mean 44.8% increase in CO 2 emissions found here may be a reasonable estimate also for other sites.…”

Section: Effects Of Water Management On Ghg Emissionssupporting

confidence: 90%

Do alternative irrigation strategies for rice cultivation decrease water footprints at the cost of long-term soil health?

Livsey

Kätterer

Vico

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The availability of water is a growing concern for flooded rice production. As such, several watersaving irrigation practices have been developed to reduce water requirements. Alternate wetting and drying and mid-season drainage have been shown to potentially reduce water requirements while maintaining rice yields when compared to continuous flooding. With the removal of permanently anaerobic conditions during the growing season, water-saving irrigation can also reduce CO 2 equivalent (CO 2eq ) emissions, helping reduce the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the long-term impact of water-saving irrigation on soil organic carbon (SOC)-used here as an indicator of soil health and fertility-has not been explored. We therefore conducted a metaanalysis to assess the effects of common water-saving irrigation practices (alternate wetting and drying and mid-season drainage) on (i) SOC, and (ii) GHG emissions. Despite an extensive literature search, only 12 studies were found containing data to constrain the soil C balance in both continuous flooding and water-saving irrigation plots, highlighting the still limited understanding of long-term impacts of water-saving irrigation on soil health and GHG emissions. Water-saving irrigation was found to reduce emissions of CH 4 by 52.3% and increased those of CO 2 by 44.8%. CO 2eq emissions were thereby reduced by 18.6% but the soil-to-atmosphere carbon (C) flux increased by 25% when compared to continuous flooding. Water-saving irrigation was also found to have a negative effect on both SOC-reducing concentrations by 5.2%-and soil organic nitrogen-potentially depleting stocks by more than 100 kg N/ha per year. While negative effects of water-saving irrigation on rice yield may not be visible in short-term experiments, care should be taken when assessing the long-term sustainability of these irrigation practices because they can decrease soil fertility. Strategies need to be developed for assessing the more long-term effects of these irrigation practices by considering tradeoffs between water savings and other ecosystem services.

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Section: Effects Of Water Management On Ghg Emissionssupporting

confidence: 90%

Do alternative irrigation strategies for rice cultivation decrease water footprints at the cost of long-term soil health?

Livsey

Kätterer

Vico

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…In field conditions, unburned residues which remain in rice fields after burning are incorporated to the soil, increasing soil organic matter content. This increase, however, may enhance CH 4 emissions (Sanchis et al, 2012).…”

Section: Combustion Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaseous and particulate emission profiles during controlled rice straw burning

Sanchís

Ferrer

Calvet

et al. 2014

Atmospheric Environment

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Gaseous and particulate emission profiles during controlled rice straw burningSanchis, E 1 ., Ferrer, M 1 ., Calvet, S 1 ., Coscollà, C 2 ., Yusà, V 2 ., Cambra-López, M 1 . AbstractBurning of rice straw can emit considerable amounts of atmospheric pollutants. We evaluated the effect of rice straw moisture content (5%, 10% and 20%) on the emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and on the organic and inorganic constituents of released particulate matter (PM): dioxins, heavy metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Four burning tests were conducted per moisture treatment using the open chamber method. Gaseous emission profiles of carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen monoxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) were also measured. Additionally, combustion characteristics, including burning stages, durations, combustion efficiency, temperature, and relative humidity, were recorded. Burning tests showed flaming and smoldering stages were significantly longer in 20% moisture treatment (P<0.05) compared with the rest. The amount of burned straw and ashes decreased with increasing straw moisture content (P<0.001). Carbon dioxide was the main product obtained during combustion with emission values ranging from 692 g CO 2 kg dry straw -1 (10% moisture content) to 835 g CO 2 kg dry straw -1 (20% moisture content). Emission factors for PM were the highest in 20% moisture treatment (P<0.005). Fine PM (PM2.5) accounted to more than 60% of total PM mass. Emission factors for dioxins increased with straw moisture content, being the highest in 20% moisture treatment, although showing a wide variability among burning tests (P>0.05). Emissions factors for heavy metals were low and similar among moisture treatments (P>0.05). Emission factors for individual PAHs were generally higher in 20% moisture treatment. Average SO 2 and NO emissions decreased with moisture content. In contrast, CO emissions increased with moisture content.Overall, emission factors of atmospheric pollutants measured in our study were higher in the 20% moisture content. This difference could be attributed to the incomplete combustion at higher levels *Manuscript Click here to download Manuscript: Quema_sin tablas ni figuras_cor.docx Click here to view linked References 2 of rice straw moisture content. According to our results, rice straw burning should be done after straw drying and under minimal moisture conditions to lower pollutant emission levels.

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“…Methane generation and release from rice production can be reduced by switching from continuously flooded paddies to a program of intermittent irrigation and drainage, and by limiting the amount of plant residue incorporated into soils after harvest and before planting [172,173]. Small reductions in the time during which rice paddies are inundated can substantially reduce methane emissions.…”

Section: Intermittent Drainage Vs Continuous Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Water and Soils to Achieve Adaptation and Reduce Methane Emissions and Arsenic Contamination in Asian Rice Production

Wichelns

2016

Water

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Rice production is susceptible to damage from the changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, and in the frequency of major storm events that will accompany climate change. Deltaic areas, in which millions of farmers cultivate from one to three crops of rice per year, are susceptible also to the impacts of a rising sea level, submergence during major storm events, and saline intrusion into groundwater and surface water resources. In this paper, I review the current state of knowledge regarding the potential impacts of climate change on rice production and I describe adaptation measures that involve soil and water management. In many areas, farmers will need to modify crop choices, crop calendars, and soil and water management practices as they adapt to climate change. Adaptation measures at the local, regional, and international levels also will be helpful in moderating the potential impacts of climate change on aggregate rice production and on household food security in many countries. Some of the changes in soil and water management and other production practices that will be implemented in response to climate change also will reduce methane generation and release from rice fields. Some of the measures also will reduce the uptake of arsenic in rice plants, thus addressing an important public health issue in portions of South and Southeast Asia. Where feasible, replacing continuously flooded rice production with some form of aerobic rice production, will contribute to achieving adaptation objectives, while also reducing global warming potential and minimizing the risk of negative health impacts due to consumption of arsenic contaminated rice.

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Effect of Water and Straw Management Practices on Methane Emissions from Rice Fields: A Review Through a Meta-Analysis

Cited by 72 publications

References 102 publications

Do alternative irrigation strategies for rice cultivation decrease water footprints at the cost of long-term soil health?

Do alternative irrigation strategies for rice cultivation decrease water footprints at the cost of long-term soil health?

Gaseous and particulate emission profiles during controlled rice straw burning

Managing Water and Soils to Achieve Adaptation and Reduce Methane Emissions and Arsenic Contamination in Asian Rice Production

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