Effect of water-containing acetone–butanol–ethanol gasoline blends on combustion, performance, and emissions characteristics of a spark-ignition engine

Li, Yuqiang; Nithyanandan, Karthik; Lee, Timothy H.; Donahue, Robert; Lin, Yuan; Lee, Chia Fon; Liao, Shengming

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.02.083

Cited by 80 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In addition, the lower particle concentration obtained with hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol blends in comparison to gasoline due to the higher hydrogen to carbon ratio, higher volatility, higher percentage of oxygen content in the fuel, and no sulfur and aromatics in ethanol also favored the repression of PM formation inside the cylinder [69]. Another mechanism for the remarked decrease is the oxidation of PM emission by OH radicals from ethanol [70], and by H, O, and OH radicals from water dissociation [13,71,72]. According to chemical kinetics model results published by Zhang et al [59], the addition of water in fuel encourages the formation of free radicals O, H, and OH, which encourages the oxidation of emissions.…”

Section: Pm Emission Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The industrialization that increases day by day needs more and more power/fuel sources that are commonly available, abundant, renewable, and environmentally friendly. Recently, nearly all of the cities in China (PRC) have been influenced by haze. However, the pollutants from automobiles have always been seriously considered to be the main contamination causes of the haze and that influence human health. This study concerns the impact of hydrous ethanol on in-cylinder pressure, particulate matter (PM), and gaseous emissions (oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) and unburned hydrocarbon (HC)) from a port fuel injection (PFI) gasoline engine. Tests were conducted on a four-cylinder port injection gasoline engine at different engine loads at an engine speed of 2000 rev/min for commercial gasoline, hydrous ethanol-gasoline blends (10% and 20% hydrous ethanol by volume), and an anhydrous ethanol-gasoline blend (20% anhydrous ethanol by volume). The results show that the peak in-cylinder pressure with the use of gasoline was the highest compared with the hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol blends. Compared with the anhydrous ethanol blend, the hydrous ethanol blends performed well at a high load condition, equivalent to a low load. In addition, the total particulate number (PN) declines with an increase in engine operating loads for all of the fuels tested. The outcome of this study is an important reduction in PM number, mass emissions, and mean diameters of particles as the use of hydrous ethanol blends increases, while the form of the particulate size distribution remains the same. Furthermore, the NO x emission is raised with a rise in engine load, and NO x and HC emissions are reduced with the use of hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol blend as equated with pure gasoline. Moreover, the correlation between the total particle number against NO x and HC has been found; the number of particles increases when the NO x emission decreases, and the opposite trend is exhibited for the HC emission. Therefore, it can be concluded that hydrous ethanol blends look to be a good selection for PM, NO x , and HC reduction for gasoline engines.

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Section: Pm Emission Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

et al. 2017

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“…e combustion duration of ABE-diesel blends is shorter, and the natural flame luminosity is lower in comparison with diesel, which indicated ABE-diesel blends had potential advantages of improving energy efficiency and reducing soot emission in engine. His group also tested the impacts of factors such as blend ratio, mixture formulation, and water addition on ABE-gasoline blends performance and emissions [25][26][27]. A phenomenological soot model considering the oxidation effect on soot density was proposed for ABE by Zhao et al [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acetone-n-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) as an Oxygenate on Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of a Spark Ignition Engine

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemistry

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Ethanol is the most extensively used oxygenate for spark ignition (SI) engines. In comparison with ethanol, n-butanol exhibits a number of desirable properties for use in SI engines, which has proved to be a very promising oxygenated alternative fuel in recent years. However, the dehydration and recovery of bio-n-butanol consume extra money and energy in the acetone-n-butanolethanol (ABE) fermentation process. Hence, we focus on the research of ABE as a potential oxygenated alternative fuel in SI engines. e combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of B30, E30, ABE30 (i.e., 30 vol.% n-butanol, ethanol, and ABE blended with 70 vol.% gasoline), and G100 (pure gasoline) were compared in this study. e comparison results between B30, E30, and ABE30 at stoichiometric conditions show that ABE30 presents retarded combustion phasing, higher brake thermal efficiency, lower CO emissions, higher UHC emissions, and similar NO x emissions. In comparison with G100 under various engine loads and equivalence ratios, for the most part, ABE30 exhibits 1.4% higher brake thermal efficiency, 14% lower carbon monoxide, 9.7% lower unburned hydrocarbons, and 23.4% lower nitrogen oxides. It is indicated that ABE could be served as the oxygenate in spark ignition engine due to its capability to improve energy efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.

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“…Similarly Sendzikiene et al [13] optimised rapeseed biodiesel production by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for enzyme catalysed transesterification and achieved maximum biodiesel yield of 96.6%. In addition of this, there have been number of studies found in literature upon growing concern towards development of renewable energy resources [14][15][16] and for abatement of exhaust emissions of diesel engine with use of biofuels [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Upon reviewing the above literature, it can be said there has been some work reported for use of bio-based short chain alcohols but no study work on optimisation of transesterification process variables having comparative analysis of impact of different alcohols on biodiesel yield and quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of bio-based alcohols for Karanja biodiesel production: An optimisation study by Response Surface Methodology

Verma

Sharma

Dwivedi

2016

Fuel

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Effect of water-containing acetone–butanol–ethanol gasoline blends on combustion, performance, and emissions characteristics of a spark-ignition engine

Cited by 80 publications

References 57 publications

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

Particulate Matter and Gaseous Emission of Hydrous Ethanol Gasoline Blends Fuel in a Port Injection Gasoline Engine

Effect of Acetone-n-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) as an Oxygenate on Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of a Spark Ignition Engine

Prospects of bio-based alcohols for Karanja biodiesel production: An optimisation study by Response Surface Methodology

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