Effect of water deficits on within-plot variability in growth and grain yield of spring wheat in northwest China

Pan, Xuebiao; Wang, Gen‐Xuan; Yang, Huimin; Wei, Xiao-Ping

doi:10.1016/s0378-4290(02)00175-2

Cited by 67 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A variation in seed emergence comes from differences in sowing depth, seed size and soil texture; failure to access soil water; effects of clods and capping in wet soils; and insects, diseases, birds and rodents (Pommel and Bonhomme 1998). After emergence and during plant growth, plant-to-plant variability is broadened due to age differences, environmental heterogeneity, differential effects of herbivores, parasites or pathogens, and, in most cases, because of interactions among these factors (Pan et al 2003). In turn, plant-to-plant variation is created, and a number of plants get 'acquired competitive ability' and growth advantage over their less vigorous neighbours, getting the ability to obtain more resources than their share and to suppress the growth of smaller individuals.…”

Section: The Concept Of Competition and Competitive Abilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of crop cultivars by honeycomb breeding

Fasoula

Tokatlidis

2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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The ability of agriculture to adapt to environmental changes and to address main issues of food quality and environment protection is a fundamental factor in achieving sustainability. Low yield capacity of contemporary sustainable farming systems, however, is a major obstacle to future growth of sustainable agriculture. In addition, increasing pressure is placed for higher food supply due to the projected population increase. To overcome these barriers and stimulate the wide adoption of sustainable agriculture, ample supply of cultivars that satisfy the requirements for sustainability without compromising productivity is essential. Otherwise, the viability of sustainable agriculture is unsound. Moreover, plant breeding has to be a non-stop process supporting agriculture because of the ongoing climate changes. The studies of the effects of competition on crop yield and selection efficiency unravelled important findings for plant breeders. Firstly, the uppermost cultivar type is the mono-genotypic and particularly the highest evolutionary grade of 'pure line'. Secondly, single plant selection is effective only when it is realized in the absence of competition for growth resources. Honeycomb methodology, by considering as a major principle the application of selection in the absence of competition, counteracts the disturbing effects of competition on selection effectiveness. Furthermore, the honeycomb experimental designs cope with the confounding implications of soil heterogeneity. These two findings help breeders to consider the individual plant as an evaluating and selection unit. As a consequence, the development of pure line cultivars that fully meet the needs of a sustainable agriculture is possible. Most importantly, honeycomb breeding exploits effectively not only favourable but marginal environments as well through the development of density-neutral cultivars. Marginal environments are exploited optimally when lower plant populations are used. It is of essence to realize that without the ability of exploiting successfully marginal environments which represent the majority of the production environments globally, sustainability in agriculture becomes problematic.

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Section: The Concept Of Competition and Competitive Abilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of crop cultivars by honeycomb breeding

Fasoula

Tokatlidis

2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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“…One focuses on theoretical models and empirical measurements of abundance, spacing, survival, mortality, and recruitment as functions of plant size in relatively undisturbed natural populations and communities, especially forests (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), where the thinning process is complicated by effects of shading and other factors on asymmetries in resource supply and resulting growth and mortality rates (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). The second approach focuses on the structure and dynamics of plants in agricultural settings (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), where plants of nearly identical age grow under controlled conditions. Studies of such simplified agricultural systems have led to theoretical and empirical selfthinning relationships that characterize the temporal trajectory of decreasing population density as a function of increasing plant size as stands develop under conditions of resource limitation and competition (17)(18)(19).…”

mentioning

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Insights into plant size-density relationships from models and agricultural crops

Deng

Zuo

Wang

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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There is general agreement that competition for resources results in a tradeoff between plant mass, M, and density, but the mathematical form of the resulting thinning relationship and the mechanisms that generate it are debated. Here, we evaluate two complementary models, one based on the space-filling properties of canopy geometry and the other on the metabolic basis of resource use. For densely packed stands, both models predict that density scales as M −3/4 , energy use as M 0 , and total biomass as M 1/4 . Compilation and analysis of data from 183 populations of herbaceous crop species, 473 stands of managed tree plantations, and 13 populations of bamboo gave four major results: (i) At low initial planting densities, crops grew at similar rates, did not come into contact, and attained similar mature sizes; (ii) at higher initial densities, crops grew until neighboring plants came into contact, growth ceased as a result of competition for limited resources, and a tradeoff between density and size resulted in critical density scaling as M −0.78 , total resource use as M −0.02 , and total biomass as M 0.22 ; (iii) these scaling exponents are very close to the predicted values of M −3/4 , M 0 , and M 1/4 , respectively, and significantly different from the exponents suggested by some earlier studies; and (iv) our data extend previously documented scaling relationships for trees in natural forests to small herbaceous annual crops. These results provide a quantitative, predictive framework with important implications for the basic and applied plant sciences.allometric scaling | energy equivalence | plant energetics | self-thinning T he structure and dynamics of plant populations and communities often reflect the interacting consequences of three fundamental processes: (i) competition for resources, (ii) the effect of body size on resource use, and (iii) the effect of plant density on growth and mortality (1-4). Two approaches traditionally have been used to study these interactions. One focuses on theoretical models and empirical measurements of abundance, spacing, survival, mortality, and recruitment as functions of plant size in relatively undisturbed natural populations and communities, especially forests (4-11), where the thinning process is complicated by effects of shading and other factors on asymmetries in resource supply and resulting growth and mortality rates (11-16). The second approach focuses on the structure and dynamics of plants in agricultural settings (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), where plants of nearly identical age grow under controlled conditions. Studies of such simplified agricultural systems have led to theoretical and empirical selfthinning relationships that characterize the temporal trajectory of decreasing population density as a function of increasing plant size as stands develop under conditions of resource limitation and competition (17)(18)(19). These exhibit a characteristic phenomenology in which plants grow with minimal mortality until they reach a size-dependent critical density, ...

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“…Some researchers studied the effects of deficit irrigation on the evapotranspiration (Eberbach and Pala 2005), water use efficiency (Lauenroth et al 2000, Angus and Van Herwaarden 2001, Li et al 2008b) and yield (Pan et al 2003) of winter wheat; Zhang et al (1999) discussed the relationship between evapotranspiration and yield. These studies, however, have not reported the integrated effects of the deficit irrigation on the radiation use efficiency (RUE) in North China.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation use efficiency and yield of winter wheat under deficit irrigation in North Chin

Han¹,

Li²,

Ning³

et al. 2008

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Water stress is a frequent and critical limit to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in North China. It has been shown that photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) is closely related to crop production. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation and winter wheat varieties on the PAR capture ration, PAR utilization and grain yield. Field experiments involved Jimai 20 (J; high yield variety) and Lainong 0153 (L; dryland variety) with non-irrigation and irrigated at jointing stage. The results showed that whether irrigated at jointing stage or not, there was no significant difference between J and L with respect to the amount of PAR intercepted by the winter wheat canopies. However, significant differences were observed between the varieties with respect to the amount of PAR intercepted by plants that were 60-80 cm above the ground surface. This result was mainly caused by the changes in the vertical distributions of leaf area index (LAI). As a result, the effects of the varieties and deficit irrigation on the radiation use efficiency (RUE) and grain yield of winter wheat were due to the vertical distribution of PAR in the winter wheat canopies. During the late growing season of winter wheat, irrespective of the irrigation regime, the RUE and grain yield of J were significantly (LSD, P < 0.05) higher than those of L. These results suggest that a combination of deficit irrigation and a suitable winter wheat variety should be applied in North China.

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Effect of water deficits on within-plot variability in growth and grain yield of spring wheat in northwest China

Cited by 67 publications

References 25 publications

Development of crop cultivars by honeycomb breeding

Development of crop cultivars by honeycomb breeding

Insights into plant size-density relationships from models and agricultural crops

Radiation use efficiency and yield of winter wheat under deficit irrigation in North Chin

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