Effect of water regimes and plant densities on cowpea production1

Abstract

RESUMOin recent years, it has become an excellent income alternative for small growers and large farmers.However, despite being a genetically improved crop, concerning size and architecture for mechanized cultivation, its growing is still rudimentary in the main producing regions of Brazil. As a result of the low level of technology applied, the average grain yield is low, reaching the national average of 400-500 kg ha -1 (Alves et al. 2009). In the Piauí state, the average yield is 256 kg ha -1 , lower than the crop PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.; produtividade de grãos; irrigação.

Production Performance of BRS Tumucumaque Cowpea Under Different Plant Densities and Water Regimes1

“…Values similar to the one found in the present study were obtained by Monteiro et al (2017), who found a maximum value of 105 pods m -2 , under notillage, with the association of 28 plants m -2 and irrigation depth of 256 mm. In this case, a similar value of NPPM2 was obtained with a higher plant density.…”

“…It is observed that this combination is the result of the highest water depth with the lowest population density under study. Plant density (plants/m2) It is observed that the larger the plant population, the lower the production of pods per plant, a fact observed by several authors (BEZERRA et al, 2014;OLIVEIRA et al, 2015;MONTEIRO et al, 2017). This is justified by the high inter-and intra-plant competition at high population densities, a fact that is related to flower abortion and reduction in the number of lateral branches.…”

“…In this context, some studies have been conducted to define the density and/or spacing of cowpea plants that promotes maximum grain yield in irrigated or rainfed production system (SOUZA et al, 2011;BEZERRA et al, 2012;SANTOS, 2013;BEZERRA et al, 2014;LOCATELLI et al, 2014;OLIVEIRA et al, 2015;COSTA JÚNIOR et al, 2017;MONTEIRO et al, 2017;CARDOSO, MELO and RIBEIRO, 2018). However, the optimal planting density is variable due to the conditions of soil, climate and plant growth habit.…”

“…Oliveira et al (2015), working with the cowpea cultivar BRS Itaim, of upright habit, found maximum grain yield of 1,668.86 kg ha -1 with the irrigation depth of 390.88 mm and plant density of 24.1 plants m -2 . Monteiro et al (2017), evaluating the effects of water regimes and plant densities on the production and yield components of the cowpea cultivar BRS Itaim in a conventional cultivation system, in the municipality of Teresina, PI, found the number of pods per square meter of 73.3, obtained with the combinations of irrigation depths and plant densities of 320 mm and 28 plants m -2 , respectively.…”

Inserção de cuidados de enfermagem, cuidados básicos de higiene e primeiros socorros nas instituições de ensino infantil

“…O perfil de mormimortalidade no País tem como principal causa de morte em crianças de 1 a 4 anos a causa externa, responsável por 33 mil mortes, seguidas de 29 mil de doenças respiratórias e 21 mil de doenças infecciosas e parasitárias [1][2] . As principais comorbidades que acometem as crianças e exigem hospitalização são as doenças do aparelho respiratório e as doenças parasitarias 3 .…”