Effect of water saturation on the strength of sandstones: experimental investigation and statistical analysis

Huang, Shibing; Yu, Shilin

doi:10.1007/s10064-022-02822-9

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These values revealed that after the saturation of the samples, the UCS and BTS were affected with the highest and Vp with the lowest intensities, respectively. The changes in the UCS, BTS, and Vp values with the saturation of the samples are in good agreement with previous studies, such as those that conducted by Wong and Jong [16], Karakul [17], Torok and Vasarhelyi [21], and Huang and Yu [67]; however, the change rates of the aforementioned characteristics have significant differences with each other. These differences can be attributed to the type of the construction materials, mineralogical composition, textural characteristics, porosity, etc.…”

Section: Strength Characteristics and Ultrasonic Wave Velocity Of The...supporting

confidence: 91%

Strength Characteristics, Ultrasonic Wave Velocity, and the Correlation between Them in Clay Bricks under Dry and Saturated Conditions

Jamshidi,

Sousa

2024

Materials

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One of the methods used to discover the development of deterioration in bricks used as a construction material in a building is the monitoring of the bricks’ strength characteristics over time. However, measuring the strength characteristics of bricks used in a building requires sampling for performing laboratory tests, which is not possible in some cases. As an alternative, ultrasonic wave velocity can be a useful, nondestructive tool for the indirect assessment of the strength characteristics of the bricks. In the present study, six different samples of clay bricks before utilization as construction materials in buildings located in Khorramabad City (Lorestan Province, western Iran) were collected. The mineralogical composition of the samples was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. As one common physical characteristic of the construction materials, the porosity (n) of the samples was measured. Next, the strength characteristics, including uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), Brazilian tensile strength (BTS), and P-wave velocity (Vp), of the samples under dry and saturated conditions were determined. It was found that after the saturation of the samples, considerable decreases in the UCS and BTS and increases in the Vp occurred, respectively. By comparing the values of the UCS, BTS, and Vp of the samples under dry and saturated conditions, we found that the integrity loss for the UCS and BTS was higher than for the Vp. Results showed that the integrity loss of the UCS, BTS, and Vp was significantly affected by the n and clay mineral (CM) content of the samples. Considering the dry or saturated condition of the samples, there are good correlations with acceptable accuracy levels between the Vp and the UCS and BTS, with coefficients of determination (R2) varying from 0.95 to 0.98. Consequently, our findings showed that establishing UCS and BTS predictive equations for bricks before their use as a construction material can be a worthy, practical tool for monitoring the deterioration of bricks over time after their utilization in a building.

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Section: Strength Characteristics and Ultrasonic Wave Velocity Of The...supporting

confidence: 91%

Strength Characteristics, Ultrasonic Wave Velocity, and the Correlation between Them in Clay Bricks under Dry and Saturated Conditions

Jamshidi,

Sousa

2024

Materials

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“…Furthermore, the experimental results were verified by numerical simulation [21]. Huang discovered that the saturation rate presents a critical strength value for the rock strength weakening [22]. Zhang examined the impact of water content on the sandstone's mechanical behavior at ultra-low temperatures and discovered that the failure pattern of the dry sandstone at ultra-low temperatures was markedly dissimilar to that of sandstone under saturated water conditions [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Study on Mechanical Behavior and Mechanism of Sandstone under the Coupling Effect of Water Content and Dynamic Load

Chen

Ting

2023

Processes

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In the process of underground engineering construction, rock mass often faces the dual influence of dynamic load disturbance and groundwater, it is therefore essential to investigate the mechanical response of the rock mass under the coupling effect of dynamic load disturbance and water content. In this paper, dynamic load impact tests were carried out on sandstone with bullet velocities of 5 m/s, 10 m/s, and 15 m/s and water content of 0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9, and the mechanical behavior and mechanism response of water content to sandstone were investigated. The research findings indicate that this study has made significant contributions in quantifying the along grain and trans-grain fractures of microcracks. It has explored the influence of water content and dynamic loading on the strength mechanism of sandstone. It was discovered that the dynamic loading and water content significantly affect the ratio of along grain and trans-grain fractures, thereby influencing the dynamic behavior of sandstone. The findings suggest a negative association between rock strength and water content and that its peak strength rises as the bullet velocity rises. The fracture characteristics of rock are influenced by water content and bullet velocity. The sample’s fracture degree increases with an increase in water content, its particle size distribution map is evident, and there is a positive relation between bullet velocity and fractal dimension. The energy conversion mechanism of the rock is influenced by the water content, as the bullet velocity increases, the absorbed energy density of the rock becomes higher. Furthermore, the correlation between the absorbed energy intensity and density and its fractal dimension is quantified. It is found that energy density and strength are positively correlated. The greater the fractal dimension, the higher the energy density absorbed.

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“…This indicates that the friction angle of clay is more sensitive to water saturation. Huang et al [26] found through the sandstone strength loss experiment that when the water saturation increased from 0 to 60%, the strength of clay-bearing sandstone underwent a significant loss, and then the rate of decrease slowed down significantly. The critical saturation value of most sandstones was between 60% and 80%, exceeding the critical saturation value, and the unconfined compressive strength loss caused by an increase in water saturation was very small.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability Analysis of an Unstable Slope in Chongqing Based on Multiple Analysis Methods

Li¹,

Hu³

et al. 2023

Processes

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The failure of an unstable slope has the characteristics of sudden disaster, rapid sliding speed, and a wide range of influence. This study selected an unstable slope in Chongqing as the evaluation object, divided it into the strong-deformation zone and weak-deformation zone, and analyzed its formation mechanism and deformation failure mode. Macroscopic qualitative analysis was processed by the geological exploration method, the slope stability and the sliding thrust were quantitatively analyzed by the limit equilibrium method, and the sensitivity analysis was calculated and conducted on its shear strength parameters by laboratory tests and a field large shear test. The historical formation process of the slope was deduced, and suggestions for the prevention and control of unstable slopes were proposed. Studies show that the deformation mechanism of an unstable slope is a push type, its deformation is mainly concentrated in the southern area of the rear edge, and the width of the slope ground tensile crack is 1~30 cm, with a visible depth of 3~30 mm and an extension of 3~12 m. The shear strength of potential sliding zone soil in the weak-deformation zone is: cpw = 35.70 kPa, φpw = 14.80°, and in the strong-deformation zone it is: cps = 32.54 kPa, φps = 13.54°. The results show that the formation of a steep cliff by the artificial mining of sandstone is the main cause of slope deformation, the action of groundwater is the main triggering factor for slope deformation, and the inclined rock mass at the front edge is the key block for the deformation. The strong-deformation zone of the slope is in an unstable state under rainstorm, and the weak-deformation zone of the slope is basically-stable under rainstorm. Unstable slopes are prone to slide during a rainstorm period, which threatens the lives and properties of the residents and road traffic safety around the slope. The research results provide an important theoretical basis and data support for the accurate judgment and stability analysis of instability failure modes and for the further effective prevention and control of unstable slopes.

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Effect of water saturation on the strength of sandstones: experimental investigation and statistical analysis

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

Strength Characteristics, Ultrasonic Wave Velocity, and the Correlation between Them in Clay Bricks under Dry and Saturated Conditions

Strength Characteristics, Ultrasonic Wave Velocity, and the Correlation between Them in Clay Bricks under Dry and Saturated Conditions

Study on Mechanical Behavior and Mechanism of Sandstone under the Coupling Effect of Water Content and Dynamic Load

Stability Analysis of an Unstable Slope in Chongqing Based on Multiple Analysis Methods

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