Effect of waterlogging stress on meiotic course, tetrad formation and pollen fertility of Sesbania pea

Srivastava, Nitisha; Kumar, Girjesh

doi:10.3103/s0095452716010096

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In water stressed barley, abnormal chromosomal pairing and segregation during meiosis was found, leading to loss of pollen fertility ( Skazkin and Zavadskaya, 1957 ). Cytological studies in Sesbania pea found that waterlogging stress resulted in various chromosomal aberrations and a reduction in pollen fertility ( Srivastava and Kumar, 2016 ). Verde (2003) has also presented evidence that meiotic recombination increases in response to droughting in two genotypes of maize ( Zea mays ).…”

Section: Environmental Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic Impacts on Meiosis in Plants

2018

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As the human population grows and continues to encroach on the natural environment, organisms that form part of such ecosystems are becoming increasingly exposed to exogenous anthropogenic factors capable of changing their meiotic landscape. Meiotic recombination generates much of the genetic variation in sexually reproducing species and is known to be a highly conserved pathway. Environmental stresses, such as variations in temperature, have long been known to change the pattern of recombination in both model and crop plants, but there are other factors capable of causing genome damage, infertility and meiotic abnormalities. Our agrarian expansion and our increasing usage of agrochemicals unintentionally affect plants via groundwater contamination or spray drift; our industrial developments release heavy metals into the environment; pathogens are spread by climate change and a globally mobile population; imperfect waste treatment plants are unable to remove chemical and pharmaceutical residues from sewage leading to the release of xenobiotics, all with potentially deleterious meiotic effects. In this review, we discuss the major classes of exogenous anthropogenic factors known to affect meiosis in plants, namely environmental stresses, agricultural inputs, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals and pathogens. The possible evolutionary fate of plants thrust into their new anthropogenically imposed environments are also considered.

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Section: Environmental Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic Impacts on Meiosis in Plants

2018

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“…One of them associated with alterations in cell polarity and disturbances of spindle structure or abnormal spindle orientation, another—with failure of cytokinesis in MI and MII and cell wall formation, the third—with disrupts of the biogenesis of radial microtubule arrays (RMAs) or MTOCs. In some cases this mechanisms associated with cytomixis and its consequences including abnormal chromosome segregation in meta‐anaphase (Bione et al, ; Ghaffari, ; Pierre and de Sousa, ; Mandal et al, ; Rana et al, ; Srivastava and Kumar, ). Besides, precocious movement and scattering of chromosomes in metaphase may either be due to the inhibition of spindle formation or destruction of organizing the spindle apparatus.…”

Section: Participation Of Microtubules In Meiotic Restitution and Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton involvement in processes of cytomixis in plants

Kravets

Yemets

Blume

2017

Cell Biology International

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Cytomixis is a form of cell-to-cell nuclear migration that involves the interaction of dynamic cytoskeletal components with the nucleus through signalling systems and linker complexes. In cytomixis two known mechanisms can be involved: actomyosin and/or microtubules and their associated motors. Perinuclear actin anchors and determines the direction of nuclear movement. In microsporogenesis cytomixis is probably initiated by a cascade of signals that trigger prophase reorganization of nucleus and cytoskeleton, and is a result of cytoskeletal protein activation, as well as a weakening of mechanisms responsible for anchoring the nucleus. The interactions between nuclei and the cytoskeleton are mediated by linker complexes that play a major role in nuclear positioning and shape, chromatin-nuclear envelope interactions, nucleoskeleton organization, gene expression and genome organization. Other contributing factors include changes in the protein composition and post-translational modifications that alter protein conformation. Cytomixis appears also to have relevance to higher order structuring, influencing tissue and organ architecture, causing collective forms of cell interactions and information exchange within a single continuum. In this review we summarize our current understanding of the cytoskeleton dynamic function in cytomictic nuclear migration.

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