Effect of weed interference and nitrogen on yields of a maize/rice intercrop

Usman, A.; Elemo, K. A.; Bala, Anju; Umar, A.

doi:10.1080/09670870110044625

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Maize has to be kept weed-free for 4-9 weeks after emergence to prevent potential crop losses (Dogan et al 2004). Controlling weeds after the critical period, can result in 83% losses in grain yield (Usman et al 2001). However, this formulation did not give adequate control of P. maximum, P. foetida, and E. heterophylla at all rates used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Lumax® for preemergence weed control in maize in Nigeria

Chikoye

Lum

Ekeleme

et al. 2009

International Journal of Pest Management

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The efficacy of various herbicides against weeds of maize was studied in field trials at Ibadan, Nigeria in 2003 and 2004. The formulations were atrazine (Gesaprim 1 90 WDG at 3.5 kg a.i. ha 71 and Rhonazine 1 80 WP at 3.0 kg a.i. ha 71 ), a mixture of atrazine and metolachlor (Primextra 1 Gold TM 660 SC at 4.0 kg a.i. ha 71 and Primextra 1 500 FW at 2.5 kg a.i. ha 71 ), and a mixture of mesotrione, S-metolachlor and atrazine (Lumax 1 at five rates: 1.88-2.96 kg a.i. ha 71 ). Unweeded and hoe-weeded treatments were controls. Lumax 1 at all rates, Rhonazine 1 at 3.0 kg a.i. ha 71 , and Primextra 1 at 2.5 kg a.i. ha 71 controlled sedges, Commelina benghalensis, and Pueraria phaseoloides as effectively as the weeded control (95-100%). Weed density and biomass were significantly reduced and maize yield increased by 12-22%. The highest yield was in treatments with 2.15 7 2.96 kg a.i. ha 71 of Lumax 1 and 3.5 kg a.i. ha 71 of Gesaprim 1 , and the weeded control. Lumax 1 is more effective for weed control at lower rates than the previously used formulations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Lumax® for preemergence weed control in maize in Nigeria

Chikoye

Lum

Ekeleme

et al. 2009

International Journal of Pest Management

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“…Weed infestation is the major yield-reducing factor in maize crop (Fahad et al, 2014). Previously, Usman et al (2001) have reported 83% yield losses under uncontrolled weed infestation. The intensity of yield losses through weed infestation is dependent on type of weed species, density, time of emergence and duration of weed crop interference (Hussain et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trianthema portulacastrum and Cyperus rotundus Interference in Maize and Application of Allelopathic Crop Extracts for Their Effective Management1

et al. 2016

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-Horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) are two noxious C4 weeds of maize crop causing extensive yield losses. A two years field experiment was performed to estimate interference of T. portulacastrum and C. rotundus and to evaluate the role of allelopathic water extracts for effective weed management in maize. Five plant water extracts in ten binary combinations were foliar applied in triplicated randomized complete block design. Plots treated with commercial herbicide atrazine and weedy check (control), were also maintained for comparison. The highest density of both weed species was observed at 45 days after sowing (DAS) while weed dry biomass was higher at 60 DAS. Binary combination of sorghum-sunflower depicted greater suppression for weed density, dry biomass and persistence index (88-92% for T. portulacastrum and 65-81% for C. rotundus) as compared with weedy check. This treatment combination has also recorded an enhancement of 125% in crop resistance index, 84% in leaf area index and 41% in crop growth rate at 60-75 DAS thus, leading to 51% improvement in grain yield. Binary combination of sunflower-brassica returned maximum marginal net benefit, while sorghum-maize combination anticipated the peak value for marginal rate of return. Along with the effective weed management and higher yield, sorghum-sunflower documented the maximum net economic benefits among different plant extract combinations therefore, suggesting that exogenous application of sorghum-sunflower extract can be effectively used for controlling these weeds in maize field.Keywords: plant leachates, binary combination, allelochemicals, net benefits, weed management. RESUMO -Bredo (Trianthema portulacastrum) e tiririca (Cyperus rotundus) são duas plantas daninhas do tipo C4 que causam grandes perdas de rendimento na cultura do milho. Foi realizado um experimento de campo com duração de dois anos para estimar a interferência de T. portulacastrum e C. rotundus e avaliar o potencial alelopático dos extratos aquosos no manejo eficaz de plantas daninhas no milho. Cinco extratos aquosos de espécies vegetais em dez combinações binárias foram aplicados nas folhas em um delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. As parcelas foram tratadas com o herbicida comercial atrazina, e a testemunha sem capina (controle) foi utilizada para fins de comparação. A maior densidade de ambas as espécies de plantas daninhas foi observada 45 dias após a semeadura (DAS), enquanto a biomassa seca das plantas daninhas foi maior aos 60 DAS. A combinação binária de sorgo-girassol resultou na maior

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“…Numerous factors like reducing irrigation resources, high cost of inputs, non‐availability of quality seed, poor fertilisation, conventional sowing methods, less farm mechanisation, pest infestation and weeds are responsible for low maize productivity. Among these factors, weed infestation accounts for up to 83% losses in maize yield (Usman et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Consequences of narrow crop row spacing and delayed Echinochloa colona and Trianthema portulacastrum emergence for weed growth and crop yield loss in maize

et al. 2014

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Summary Echinochloa colona and Trianthema portulacastrum are weeds of maize that cause significant yield losses in the Indo‐Gangetic Plains. Field experiments were conducted in 2009 and 2010 to determine the influence of row spacing (15, 25 and 35 cm) and emergence time of E. colona and T. portulacastrum (0, 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 days after maize emergence; DAME) on weed growth and productivity of maize. A season‐long weed‐free treatment and a weedy control were also used to estimate maize yield and weed seed production. Crop row spacing as well as weed emergence time had a significant influence on plant height, shoot biomass and seed production of both weed species and grain yield of maize in both years. Delay in emergence of weeds resulted in less plant height, shoot biomass and seed production. However, increase in productivity of maize was observed by delay in weed emergence. Likewise, growth of both weed species was less in narrow row spacing (15 cm) of maize, as compared with wider rows (25 and 35 cm). Maximum seed production of both weeds was observed in weedy control plots, where there was no competition with maize crop and weeds were in rows 35 cm apart. Nevertheless, maximum plant height, shoot biomass and seed production of both weed species were observed in 35 cm rows, when weeds emerged simultaneously with maize. Both weed species produced only 3–5 seeds per plant, when they were emerged at 55 DAME in crop rows spaced at 15 cm. Infestation of both weeds at every stage of crop led to significant crop yield loss in maize. Our results suggested that narrow row spacing and delay in weed emergence led to reduced weed growth and seed production and enhanced maize grain yield and therefore could be significant constituents of integrated weed management strategies in maize.

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Effect of weed interference and nitrogen on yields of a maize/rice intercrop

Cited by 21 publications

References 8 publications

Evaluation of Lumax® for preemergence weed control in maize in Nigeria

Evaluation of Lumax® for preemergence weed control in maize in Nigeria

Trianthema portulacastrum and Cyperus rotundus Interference in Maize and Application of Allelopathic Crop Extracts for Their Effective Management1

Consequences of narrow crop row spacing and delayed Echinochloa colona and Trianthema portulacastrum emergence for weed growth and crop yield loss in maize

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