Effect of wheat species (Triticum aestivum vs T. spelta), farming system (organic vs conventional) and flour type (wholegrain vs white) on composition of wheat flour – Results of a retail survey in the UK and Germany – 3. Pesticide residue content

Wang, Juan; Hasanaliyeva, Gultakin; Wood, Liza; Anagnostopoulos, Chris; Ampadogiannis, Georgios; Bempelou, Eleftheria; Kiousi, Maroula; Markellou, Emilia; Iversen, Per Ole; Seal, Chris; Barański, Marcin; Vigar, Vanessa; Leifert, Carlo; Rempelos, Leonidas

doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2020.100089

Cited by 18 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Although the confounding effects of lifestyle and diet composition can be controlled in animal model-based dietary intervention studies, there are major challenges for the design of dietary intervention studies related to the known effects of interactions between crop management parameters (e.g., fertilization and crop protection protocols used in organic and conventional cropping systems) on crop composition profiles [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 59 , 60 , 76 , 77 ]. For example, recent studies suggest that the use of pesticide-based crop protection regimes significantly reduce polyphenolic concentrations in crops fertilized with composted manure, but not in mineral NPK-fertilized crops [ 77 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The approximately 50% higher cadmium (Cd) levels in conventional cereals have been linked to the use of water-soluble, mineral phosphorus fertilizers, which are known to contain Cd and nickel residues [ 1 , 5 ]. The four times lower incidence of pesticide residues in organic crops is thought to be due to the non-use of chemosynthetic pesticides in organic farming practice [ 1 , 8 , 9 ]. Pesticide residues are also found in approximately 10% of organic crops, but their concentrations were reported to be 10–100 times lower than in conventional crops, suggesting that they were mainly due to cross-contamination from neighboring conventional farms [ 1 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The four times lower incidence of pesticide residues in organic crops is thought to be due to the non-use of chemosynthetic pesticides in organic farming practice [1,8,9]. Pesticide residues are also found in approximately 10% of organic crops, but their concentrations were reported to be 10-100 times lower than in conventional crops, suggesting that they were mainly due to cross-contamination from neighboring conventional farms [1,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feed Composition Differences Resulting from Organic and Conventional Farming Practices Affect Physiological Parameters in Wistar Rats—Results from a Factorial, Two-Generation Dietary Intervention Trial

et al. 2021

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Recent human cohort studies reported positive associations between organic food consumption and a lower incidence of obesity, cancer, and several other diseases. However, there are very few animal and human dietary intervention studies that provide supporting evidence or a mechanistic understanding of these associations. Here we report results from a two-generation, dietary intervention study with male Wistar rats to identify the effects of feeds made from organic and conventional crops on growth, hormonal, and immune system parameters that are known to affect the risk of a number of chronic, non-communicable diseases in animals and humans. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used to separate the effects of contrasting crop protection methods (use or non-use of synthetic chemical pesticides) and fertilizers (mineral nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) fertilizers vs. manure use) applied in conventional and organic crop production. Conventional, pesticide-based crop protection resulted in significantly lower fiber, polyphenol, flavonoid, and lutein, but higher lipid, aldicarb, and diquat concentrations in animal feeds. Conventional, mineral NPK-based fertilization resulted in significantly lower polyphenol, but higher cadmium and protein concentrations in feeds. Feed composition differences resulting from the use of pesticides and/or mineral NPK-fertilizer had a significant effect on feed intake, weight gain, plasma hormone, and immunoglobulin concentrations, and lymphocyte proliferation in both generations of rats and in the second generation also on the body weight at weaning. Results suggest that relatively small changes in dietary intakes of (a) protein, lipids, and fiber, (b) toxic and/or endocrine-disrupting pesticides and metals, and (c) polyphenols and other antioxidants (resulting from pesticide and/or mineral NPK-fertilizer use) had complex and often interactive effects on endocrine, immune systems and growth parameters in rats. However, the physiological responses to contrasting feed composition/intake profiles differed substantially between the first and second generations of rats. This may indicate epigenetic programming and/or the generation of “adaptive” phenotypes and should be investigated further.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feed Composition Differences Resulting from Organic and Conventional Farming Practices Affect Physiological Parameters in Wistar Rats—Results from a Factorial, Two-Generation Dietary Intervention Trial

et al. 2021

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“…This is probably because both years were similar with regard to weather conditions under which production was performed. It is recommended that the wheat production in the world is carried out with the reduced use of pesticides or without their use [15,53,58,59]. These measures reduce the risk of negative effects of wheat products on human health [24,58].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is recommended that the wheat production in the world is carried out with the reduced use of pesticides or without their use [15,53,58,59]. These measures reduce the risk of negative effects of wheat products on human health [24,58]. Bacteria that produce extracellular antifungal compounds that indirectly stimulate the self-defense system of the host plant are capable of acting antagonistically on pathogens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Germination and the Initial Seedling Growth of Lettuce, Celeriac and Wheat Cultivars after Micronutrient and a Biological Application Pre-Sowing Seed Treatment

Poštić

Štrbanović

Tabaković

et al. 2021

Plants

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Seed treatments with zinc, boron, biostimulant Coveron and MIX (zinc + boron + Coveron) were applied to three lettuce and three celeriac cultivars. Seeds of three wheat cultivars were treated under laboratory conditions with Trichoderma harzianum and eight Bacillus spp. Seed germination, seedling growth, and the presence of the following pathogens were determined: Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Penicillium sp., and Mucor sp. The Coveron treatment was the most effective on lettuce seeds tested in the germination cabinet. Seed germination was higher by 4% than in the control. Alternatively, germination of seeds treated with boron in the greenhouse was higher by 12% than in the control. The Coveron treatment had the highest effect on the shoot length, which was greater by 0.7 and 2.1 cm in the germination cabinet and the greenhouse, respectively. This treatment was also the most effective on the root length. Zn, B, and MIX treatments increased celeriac seed germination by 14% in the germination cabinet. The Zn treatment was the most efficient on seeds tested in the greenhouse. The germination was higher by 15%. A significant cultivar × treatment interaction was determined in both observed species under both conditions. The maximum effect on wheat seed germination (8%) was achieved with the T. harzianum treatment in the Salazar cultivar. A significant interdependence (p ≤ 0.01 to p ≤ 0.001) was established between seed germination and the seedling growth. The interrelationship between seed germination and pathogens of all cultivars was negative.

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Assessment of pesticide residues contamination in cereals and pseudo-cereals marketed in the Canary Islands

et al. 2023

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Effect of wheat species (Triticum aestivum vs T. spelta), farming system (organic vs conventional) and flour type (wholegrain vs white) on composition of wheat flour – Results of a retail survey in the UK and Germany – 3. Pesticide residue content

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Feed Composition Differences Resulting from Organic and Conventional Farming Practices Affect Physiological Parameters in Wistar Rats—Results from a Factorial, Two-Generation Dietary Intervention Trial

Feed Composition Differences Resulting from Organic and Conventional Farming Practices Affect Physiological Parameters in Wistar Rats—Results from a Factorial, Two-Generation Dietary Intervention Trial

Germination and the Initial Seedling Growth of Lettuce, Celeriac and Wheat Cultivars after Micronutrient and a Biological Application Pre-Sowing Seed Treatment

Assessment of pesticide residues contamination in cereals and pseudo-cereals marketed in the Canary Islands

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