Effect of Whole Blood Storage on Factor VIII Recovery in Fresh Frozen Plasma and Cryoprecipitate

Abstract

Depending on logistics, whole blood has to be stored for several hours after collection. If storage time exceeds 8 h, storage has to be at 1-6°C to comply with FDA regulations. In the Netherlands, however, whole blood is also stored for 12-15 h at 20-24°C using butane-1,4-diol cooling devices. We compared these two storage methods for factor VIII recovery in plasma and cryoprecipitate. At laboratory scale a significantly higher factor VIII recovery was found in plasma prepared from whole blood stored at ambient temperature; in cryoprecipitate this was confirmed but differences were not significant. However, as a result of inefficient cooling in routine procedure, no significantly different factor VIII recoveries were found in plasma prepared from whole blood stored at either of the two temperatures. From our study we conclude that overnight storage of whole blood at ambient temperature using butane-1,4-diol cooling devices has to be favoured.

Coagulation Profile for Cryoprecipitate Produced From 24-Hour Stored Whole Blood

“…Older studies have shown that recovery of factor VIII activity in plasma derived from whole blood decreased over time up to 15-18 hours but was greater with whole blood stored at ambient temperatures compared to 4ºC. 12,13 We found an approximate 12% reduction in the levels of factor VIII antigen. Other investigations have shown that most pro-and anticoagulant factors are well retained in whole blood at 4ºC for 18-24 hours.…”

“…However, our results agree with findings of other investigators. 1,2,5,[12][13][14] Although plasma obtained from whole blood after storage up to 24 hours may not precisely meet all British and European Council Standards, it retains adequate procoagulant and anticoagulant profiles to meet the needs of all indications for FFP. 14 To the best of our knowledge, we are the first group in the United States to evaluate the possibility of manufacturing CP from 24hr FP.…”

The Effect of Holding Times of Whole Blood and Its Components During Processing on In Vitro and In Vivo Quality

“…Optimal when leukoreduction performed after 8-to 24-h room temperature hold (shown for buffy coat-derived platelets only) [7,[56][57][58][59][60][61] Plasma Factor VIII 10%-30% lower, but clinical consequence probably low [3,6,13,14,19,[47][48][49][50][51][52] Other clotting factors no effect [13,19,47,[49][50][51][52] Details are given in the text.…”

“…A full 24-hour holding time led to a decline in factor VIII:C of about 20% [6], but the implication was thought to be small for routine use. In a follow-up study, whole blood held less than 3 hours had a factor VIII activity of 0.82 ± 0.03 IU/mL, whereas those held for 12 to 15 hours contained 0.73 ± 0.03 IU/mL factor VIII:C (P b .001) [48], which was higher than after the same hold period at 4°C. However, in the small-scale cryoprecipitate made from these units, the difference in factor VIII content was not statistically significant.…”

Cryoprecipitate and Related Products

“…A final separation step using centrifugation or a plasma expressor removes the residual precipitate from the thawed plasma, where it is then placed in individual, sterile bags and resuspended in 10 to 15 mL (up to 20 mL in "wet cryo") of plasma. [4][5][6][7][8] After the extraction process, cryoprecipitate must be refrozen within 1 hour.…”