Effect of Wild Oat (<i>Avena fatua</i>) Infestations on Light Interception and Growth Rate of Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>)

Cudney, D; Jordan, L. S.; Hall, Anthony E.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500071435

Cited by 77 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These sensitivity analyses are supported by experimental work. Several studies have demonstrated that shorter wheat varieties, and particularly dwarf wheats, suffer greater yield losses due to competition from wild oat species than taller varieties (Balyan et al, 1991;Cudney et al, 1991). Thurston (1962) noted that winter cereals strongly suppress the growth of springemerging A .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability of A . fatua to reduce crop yields has been attributed to its height and leaf area distribution which reduce light penetration to the crop canopy (Cudney, Jordan & Hall, 1991;Morishita, Thill & Hammel, 1991;Rooney, 1991), its high net assimilation rate during the early growth stages (Thurston, 1959), and to the role of its extensive root system in depriving the crop of water and nutrients when these resources are limiting (Pavlychenko & Harrington, 1935;Carlson & Hill, 1986). The impact of A .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A simulation model of competition between winter wheat and Avena fatua for light

Weaver¹,

Kropff²,

Cousens³

1994

Annals of Applied Biology

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SummaryAn eco-physiological simulation model of competition between Avena fatua and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Avalon) for light was parameterised and tested. The model simulates growth of each species, in kg dry matter ha -1 day-1 , from sowing to maturity as a function of irradiance, temperature and various species characteristics. Parameter values were derived from the literature and from field experiments with each species grown in monoculture. Model performance was tested against 50:50 mixtures of the two species grown at two sites in southern England. Sensitivity analyses were performed in which the canopy height of each species and the density and time of emergence of A. fatua were systematically varied while all other parameters were left unchanged. Accurate simulations of growth in mixtures depended upon an accurate description of the canopy height of each species throughout the growing season. Model predictions of winter wheat yield losses in relation to A. fatua density and time of emergence showed good agreement with previously published data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simulation model of competition between winter wheat and Avena fatua for light

Weaver¹,

Kropff²,

Cousens³

1994

Annals of Applied Biology

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show abstract

“…Taller varieties are likely to be more competitive than shorter ones as competition for light increases (Cudney et al 1991). The relative importance of plant height decreases if compensated for by other traits.…”

Section: Phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in breeding cereals for organic agriculture

et al. 2008

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The need for increased sustainability of performance in cereal varieties, particularly in organic agriculture (OA), is limited by the lack of varieties adapted to organic conditions. Here, the needs for breeding are reviewed in the context of three major marketing types, global, regional, local, in European OA. Currently, the effort is determined, partly, by the outcomes from trials that compare varieties under OA and CA (conventional agriculture) conditions. The differences are sufficiently large and important to warrant an increase in appropriate breeding. The wide range of environments within OA and between years, underlines the need to try to select for specific adaptation in target environments. The difficulty of doing so can be helped by decentralised breeding with farmer participation and the use of crops buffered by variety mixtures or populations. Varieties for OA need efficient nutrient uptake and use and weed competition. These and other characters need to be considered in relation to the OA cropping system over the whole rotation. Positive interactions are needed, such as early crop vigour for nutrient uptake, weed

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“…Semidwarf cultivars can produce high grain yield in conventional management, but they often produce significantly lower yield in organic management due to weaker weed competitiveness. Taller plants exhibit better competitive ability against weeds than shorter ones, mainly due to better light interception that directly alters the photosynthetic activity of crop plants (Cudney et al, 1991;Mason et al, 2007aMason et al, , 2007b. Wheat breeders may therefore need to consider developing taller cultivars than semidwarfs for organic agriculture, without significantly affecting plant maturity, lodging resistance, and other qualitative traits.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping QTLs Controlling Agronomic Traits in the ‘Attila’ × ‘CDC Go’ Spring Wheat Population under Organic Management using 90K SNP Array

et al. 2017

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Our group previously reported five quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with plant height, test weight, thousand‐kernel weight, and grain protein content in a recombinant inbred line population derived from spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars ‘Attila’ and ‘CDC Go’, evaluated across three environments (2008–2010) under organic management and genotyped with 579 diversity arrays technology and Rht‐B1 markers. No QTL was identified for flowering time, maturity, grain yield, and number of tillers across all three environments. In the present study, we reanalyzed the same phenotypic data with a subset of 1200 informative single‐nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers out of the 90K SNP array and three gene‐specific markers (Ppd‐D1, Vrn‐A1, and Rht‐B1) to investigate if high marker density improves QTL detection. Here, five moderate‐ and eleven minor‐effect QTLs were detected across all three organic environments using the new genotypic data, including 13 QTLs that were not previously detected. Up to five QTLs were detected for each trait, except grain protein content, which individually accounted for 5.5 to 18.8% of phenotypic variance. For each trait, the total phenotypic and genetic variance explained by all detected QTLs varied from 9.3 to 39.4 and from 24.6 to 96.8%, respectively, which was much greater than in our previous study. One of the moderate‐effect QTLs on 5A was coincidental for flowering time and maturity and mapped close to the Vrn‐A1 gene, while the second moderate‐effect coincidental QTL on 4B was associated with both plant height and maturity but was 27 cM from the Rht‐B1 gene. Results from this study provide additional information for wheat researchers and organic wheat breeders.

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Effect of Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Infestations on Light Interception and Growth Rate of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Cited by 77 publications

References 11 publications

A simulation model of competition between winter wheat and Avena fatua for light

A simulation model of competition between winter wheat and Avena fatua for light

Developments in breeding cereals for organic agriculture

Mapping QTLs Controlling Agronomic Traits in the ‘Attila’ × ‘CDC Go’ Spring Wheat Population under Organic Management using 90K SNP Array

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