Effect of Window Configurations on Fire Spread in Buildings

Ibrahim, Mohamed A.; ELDin, AbdelSalam M. Sharaf; AbdRabbo, Mohamed Fayek; Ayoub, Ayoub Mostafa

doi:10.2514/6.2013-3947

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The choice of the location of the fire must be the most dangerous as it leads to a larger fire, and the effect of the fire that breaks out in the middle and lower floors of high residential buildings is of greater danger to the whole building. [6]. So the location of the fire was chosen in the kitchen of the apartment on the second floor.…”

Section: Fire Scene Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fire safety in buildings faces severe challenges as a result of the high dense population [5]. The studies on the fire spread in buildings have attracted more attention due to the heavy losses in property and lives as a result of these fires, and to reduce these losses, designers must take into account the design variables affecting the fire spread when preparing designs [6]. There are many design variables that affect the speed of fire spread including: The form, area, and type of the building plan, the form, height, and size of the building, building construction materials, Facade cladding materials, window design with their size, shape, and location, and balconies with their area, shape, and location.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effect of Configuration form on the Spread Speed of Fire in High-Rise Buildings

Ismail¹,

Kharufa²

2023

IJSSE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fire accidents in high-rise buildings pose a serious threat to the lives and property of the occupants, and safe evacuation from a fire is difficult due to the dense population and the presence of various flammable materials. Therefore, the appropriate choice of the configuration form is likely to be the main factor in controlling the fire spread and its transmission speed to the upper floors and increasing the evacuation chance. The study adopted computer modeling and fire simulation technology from Pyrosim and FDS and presented the results by Smokeview. The simulation results showed that the risk of fire spreading in high-rise buildings increases as the increase of complicated of the form, and vice versa. Therefore, the study recommends the use of simple forms for high-rise buildings. The results of the research can be adopted and generalized to other buildings to reduce the impact of fires.

show abstract

Section: Fire Scene Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Configuration form on the Spread Speed of Fire in High-Rise Buildings

Ismail¹,

Kharufa²

2023

IJSSE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The outbreak of fire on the lower floors poses a greater danger to the entire building in high-rise residential buildings [5], so the fire site that contains greater risks must be chosen, and accordingly the fire site was located in second floor at the apartment kitchen. The fire source area is 0.5 m×0.5 m, the fire source has 1000 kW/m 2 as a rate of heat release, the simulation object grid in the arithmetic domain is divided into 64*54*144, and the size of cell is 0.25 m×0.25 m×0.25 m, so that the cells total number of is 497,664.…”

Section: Fire Scene Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The safe design in the event of a fire involves employing all possible measures to mitigate its risks, which pose considerable challenges in high-rise buildings [4]. The significant loss of lives and property resulting from fires has generated increased interest in studies investigating fire incidents and their propagation within highrise buildings [5]. It is an infeasible task to achieve absolute safety from fire and eliminate all potential threats, emphasizing that architects are not expected to attain complete fire risk elimination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Plan Corner Shapes on the Spread Speed of Fire in High-Rise Buildings

Ismail,

Kharufa

2023

IJSSE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigates the impact of plan corner shapes on the propagation rate of fire in high-rise buildings. Employing the PyroSim fire simulation program, a systematic modeling approach was adopted to simulate fire spread in a 12-storey building with varying plan corner shapes. The findings reveal that plan corners exhibiting straight configurations devoid of protrusions or recesses exhibit a reduced risk of fire spread when contrasted with irregular shapes. Consequently, we propose the integration of regular plan shapes lacking protrusions or recesses in the design of high-rise buildings to effectively minimize the rate of fire spread. This research contribution facilitates the selection of an optimal design alternative with respect to the velocity at which fire propagates.

show abstract

“…This flow of air acts as another stimulus extending the height to which the flames reach and to which the hot gases are transported. The shape of the flames which get outside and their possible clinging to the façade depend also on the shape and dimensions of the windows [15][16][17]. Heat exchange between the warmer air and gases and the colder air takes place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archives of Civil Engineering

Schabowicz,

Sulik,

Gorzelańczyk

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paper presents detailed comparisons for numerical simulations of fire development along the facade, with particular emphasis on the so-called "leap frog effect", for different variations of window opening sizes and storey heights. A total of 9 models were subjected to numerical analysis. The problem occurred in most of the analyzed models -i.e., the fire penetrated through the facade to the higher storey. It should be noted that the adopted hearth was identified by standard parameters, and materials on the facade were non-combustible -as a single-layer wall. In the case of real fires, the parameters of the release rate can also vary greatly, but the values are usually higher. It has been shown that the most dangerous situation is with small size windows, where the discharge of warm gases and flames, causes a fairly easy fire jump between floors. The leap frog effect can be limited by increasing windows and storey height -this changes the shape of the flames escaping from the interior of the building and limits the possibility of fire entering the storeys above. In addition, increasing the size of windows results in a reduction of fire power per unit window dimension [KW/m 2 ] at constant fire power (fuel-controlled fire), which is also of key importance for the fire to penetrate with the leap frog effect.

show abstract

Effect of Window Configurations on Fire Spread in Buildings

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

The Effect of Configuration form on the Spread Speed of Fire in High-Rise Buildings

The Effect of Configuration form on the Spread Speed of Fire in High-Rise Buildings

The Effect of Plan Corner Shapes on the Spread Speed of Fire in High-Rise Buildings

Archives of Civil Engineering

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About