Effect of wollastonite and talc on the micromechanisms of tensile deformation in polypropylene composites

Hadal, R.; Dasari, Aravind; Rohrmann, Jürgen; Misra, R.D.K.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2004.01.003

Cited by 69 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…A large variety of materials are used as fillers in composites. Besides CaCO3 and carbon black (see Table 1) a large number of other materials like mica [63,73,95], short [96][97][98] and long glass fibers [99,100], glass beads [101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110], sepiolite [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], magnesium and aluminum hydroxide [111][112][113], wood flour and cellulose [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][115][116][117], wollastonite [102,[118][119][120], gy...…”

Section: Filler Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Móczó

Pukánszky

2017

Fillers for Polymer Applications

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The characteristics of particulate filled thermoplastics are determined by four factors: component properties, composition, structure and interfacial interactions. The most important filler characteristics are particle size, size distribution, specific surface area and particle shape, while the main matrix property is stiffness. Segregation, aggregation and the orientation of anisotropic particles determine structure. Interfacial interactions lead to the formation of a stiff interphase considerably influencing properties. Interactions are changed by surface modification, which must be always system specific and selected according to its 2 goal. Under the effect of external load inhomogeneous stress distribution develops around heterogeneities, which initiate local micromechanical deformation processes determining the macroscopic properties of the composites. INTRODUCTUIONParticulate filled polymers are used in very large quantities in all kinds of applications. The total consumption of fillers in Europe alone is currently estimated as 4.8 million tons (Table 1) [6]. In spite of the overwhelming interest in nanocomposites, biomaterials and natural fiber reinforced composites, considerable research and development is done on particulate filled polymers even today. The reason for the continuing interest in traditional composites lays, among others, in the changed role of particulate fillers. In the early days fillers were added to the polymer to decrease price.However, the ever increasing technical and aesthetical requirements as well as soaring material and compounding costs require the utilization of all possible advantages of fillers.Fillers increase stiffness and heat deflection temperature, decrease shrinkage and improve the appearance of the composites [9][10][11][12][13]. Productivity can be also increased in most thermoplastic processing technologies due to their decreased specific heat and increased heat conductivity [9,10,[14][15][16][17]. Fillers are very often introduced into the polymer to create new functional properties not possessed by the matrix polymer at all like flame retardancy or conductivity [18][19][20][21]. Another reason for the considerable research activity is that new fillers and reinforcements emerge continuously among others layered silicates [7,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], wood flour [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37], sepiolite [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], etc.The properties of all heterogeneous polymer systems are determined by the same four factors: component properties, composition, structure and interfacial interactions [9,50]. Although certain fillers and reinforcements including layered silicates, other nanofillers, or natural fibers possess special characteristics, the effect of these four factors is universal and valid for all particulate filled materials. As a consequence, in this paper 3 we focus our attention on them and discuss the most important theoretical and practical aspects of composite preparation and use accordingly. The general rules of h...

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Section: Filler Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Móczó

Pukánszky

2017

Fillers for Polymer Applications

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“…Isotactic polypropylene (iPP) filled with mineral particles such as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) or with short glass fibers has been the subject of a lot of research [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The role of fillers in polymer based composites is multiple: it helps reducing the composite cost as it is generally less expensive than the polymer, but it also contributes to improving the mechanical performances and the physical properties if properly dispersed in the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the crystallinity of polypropylene/submicronic-talc composites: The role of filler ratio and cooling rate

Makhlouf¹,

Satha²,

Frihi³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Micronic and submicronic mineral fillers recently appeared as efficient reinforcing agents for polyolefins in addition to the benefit of bypassing the exfoliation/dispersion problem encountered in the case of incorporation of nanoscopic fillers such as clay. Submicronic-talc, designated as µ-talc, belongs to this kind of new fillers. This work was aimed at searching to optimize the crystallinity ratio of isotactic polypropylene in the presence of µ-talc in relation to the filler ratio of the composites and the cooling rate from the melt. In order to highlight the efficiency of the µ-talc on the crystallization of polypropylene comparison has been made with PP composites containing conventional talc particles. The study has been carried out on samples having µ-talc weight fractions covering the range 3-30%. In the context of optimizing the crystallinity ratio of the polypropylene matrix in the composites, calorimetric experiments have been planned using a full factorial design. The results were statistically processed by analysis of the variance via mathematical models for predicting the crystallinity ratio in relation to the cooling rate and the filler ratio. Contour graphs have been plotted to determine the effect of each parameter on crystallinity. The cooling rate proved to have a significantly stronger influence on crystallinity than the type and content of filler.

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“…The objective of this study was to compare the effect of particle size of wollastonite filler on thermal performance of intumescent fire retardant coatings. Wollastonite filler has a higher melting point (around 1540°C) which can withstand higher temperature [9,10]. Wollastonite has also been used as thermal stabilizer in propylene composites [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Particle Size of Wollastonite Filler on Thermal Performance of Intumescent Fire Retardant Coating

Zia-ul-Mustafa

Ahmad

Megat-Yusoff

et al. 2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Intumescent Fire retardant coatings (IFRC's) are one of the simplest ways to protect substrates exposed to fire. In this study, Wollastonite (W) filler of two different particle sizes were used to determine the fire performance of intumescent fire retardant coating. The basic ingredients of the coating were ammonium poly-phosphate (APP) as acid source, expandable graphite (EG) as carbon source, melamine (MEL) as blowing agent in epoxy binder, boric acid as additive and hardener as curing agent. A series of coating formulations were developed by using different weight percentages of both sized Wollastonite fillers. The coated steel substrate samples were tested for fire performance using Bunsen burner and char expansion was measured using furnace fire test. A Comparison of the coatings thermal performance was determined. Wollastonite containing filler particle size 10 µm showed better thermal performance than formulations containing filler's particle size 44 μm.

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Effect of wollastonite and talc on the micromechanisms of tensile deformation in polypropylene composites

Cited by 69 publications

References 31 publications

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Particulate Fillers in Thermoplastics

Optimization of the crystallinity of polypropylene/submicronic-talc composites: The role of filler ratio and cooling rate

The Effect of Particle Size of Wollastonite Filler on Thermal Performance of Intumescent Fire Retardant Coating

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