Effect of ZSM-5 crystal size on its catalytic properties for conversion of methanol to gasoline

Shao, Juan; Fu, Tingjun; Chang, Jiangwei; Wan, Weili; Qi, Ruiyue; Li, Zhong

doi:10.1016/s1872-5813(17)30009-9

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For series reactions, 36 especially those involving transport between different reaction zones (e.g., two pore systems in a zeolite, or in this case, two distinct catalyst phases, ZnO-ZrO 2 and H-ZSM-5), the crystal size and shape can significantly influence the reactivity. To this end, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess the crystal size of the ZSM-5 samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isomorphous Substitution in ZSM-5 in Tandem Methanol/Zeolite Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Aromatics

Shah,

Nezam,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Intensified reactors for conversion of CO2 to methanol (via hydrogenation) using metal oxide catalysts coupled with methanol conversion to aromatics in the presence of zeolites (e.g., H-ZSM-5) in a single step are investigated. Brønsted acid sites (BAS) in H-ZSM-5 are important sites in methanol aromatization reactions, and correlations of the reactivity with zeolite acid properties can guide reaction optimization. A classical way of tuning the acidity of zeolites is via the effect of the isomorphous substitution of the heteroatom in the framework. In this work, H-[Al/Ga/Fe]-ZSM-5 zeolites are synthesized with Si/T ratios = 80, 300, affecting the acid site strength as well as distribution of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. On catalytic testing of the H-[Al/Ga/Fe]-ZSM-5/ZnO-ZrO2 samples for tandem CO2 hydrogenation and methanol conversion, the presence of weaker Brønsted acid sites improves the aromatics selectivity (CO2 to aromatics selectivity ranging from 13 to 47%); however, this effect of acid strength was not observed at low T atom content. Catalytic testing of H-[B]-ZSM-5/ZnO-ZrO2 provides no conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbons, showing that there is a minimum acid site strength needed for measurable aromatization reactivity. The H-[Fe]-ZSM-5–80/ZnO-ZrO2 catalyst shows the best catalytic activity with a CO2 conversion of ∼10% with a CO2 to aromatics selectivity of ∼51%. The catalyst is shown to provide stable activity and selectivity over more than 250 h on stream.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isomorphous Substitution in ZSM-5 in Tandem Methanol/Zeolite Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Aromatics

Shah,

Nezam,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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“…The establishment of evaluation methodology and selection of optimal catalyst is the major requirement for methanol conversion to hydrocarbons. It is observed that the pore structure of the catalysts and metal active sites could affect product selectivity. ,, Higher concentrations of metal oxide/metal active sites usually favored chain growth. ,, However, the catalyst’s selectivity strongly depends on the promoter’s nature, metal crystallite size, pore structure and support. ,, Particular attention should be given to modify the catalyst preparation conditions on the textural properties and phase transformation during the reaction process. ,, Also a challenge is developing the lumped kinetic model that proves to be helpful for a large reaction system as an enigmatic mechanism as it simplifies the reaction pathway and reduces the number of components used to describe the MTG, MTH, and MTO processes.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Research Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…122,155,197 Higher concentrations of metal oxide/metal active sites usually favored chain growth. 150,160,199 However, the catalyst's selectivity strongly depends on the promoter's nature, metal crystallite size, pore structure and support. 17,152,199 Particular attention should be given to modify the catalyst preparation conditions on the textural properties and phase transformation during the reaction process.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Research Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…150,160,199 However, the catalyst's selectivity strongly depends on the promoter's nature, metal crystallite size, pore structure and support. 17,152,199 Particular attention should be given to modify the catalyst preparation conditions on the textural properties and phase transformation during the reaction process. 178,200,201 Also a challenge is developing the lumped kinetic model that proves to be helpful for a large reaction system as an enigmatic mechanism as it simplifies the reaction pathway and reduces the number of components used to describe the MTG, MTH, and MTO processes.…”

Section: Challenges and Future Research Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Studies of Methanol Transformation to Hydrocarbons Using Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Review

Ali

Zaidi

2020

Energy Fuels

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As the need for petroleum products is increasing, it has led to increased crude oil prices. For an alternative approach, much research has been done in the field of catalytic conversion of methanol-to-hydrocarbon (MTH). The MTH process is suitable, which converts methanol directly into gasoline and other valuable hydrocarbons. The review provides information about methanol to olefins (MTO), methanol to aromatics (MTA), and MTH processes involved in converting oxygenates into hydrocarbons and information regarding methanol synthesis. It reviews the effect of physicochemical properties such as acidity, pore diameter, surface area, the catalyst’s lifetime, and process conditions on MTH transformation. The article shows different methods that are employed to change the zeolite’s acidic properties. These methods include acidic, alkaline, and steam heat treatment, which are also discussed. The results obtained after catalytic cracking of methanol were also validated by using several kinetic models proposed worldwide.

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“…It was concluded that the high residence time in larger ZSM-5 catalysts increased the propagation of the aromatic-based reaction mechanism, which in turn increases the selectivity to short olefins like ethylene in the conversion of dimethyl ether feeds. Especially studies that apply nanometer-sized ZSM-5 catalysts show frequently inconsistent results regarding the impact of crystallite size on product distribution and lifetimes [33][34][35][36]. Barbera et al [37] resolved this issue by showing that the deactivation of such nanometer-sized ZSM-5 catalysts (100 to 300 nm, some desilicated) correlates primarily with the number of defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ZSM-5 Crystal Size on Methanol-to-Olefin (MTO) vs. Ethanol-to-Aromatics (ETA) Conversion

Dittmann,

Kaya,

Strassheim

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Crystal size is a key parameter of zeolites applied as catalysts. Herein, ZSM-5 crystals with similar physicochemical and acid properties, few defects, and aluminum exclusively in tetrahedral coordination are synthesized and the influence of the crystal size on the MTO and ETA conversion is investigated. Short olefins are the main products of the MTO conversion, whereas larger olefins and aromatics dominate the products after ETA conversion. In the case of both feeds, an increased crystal size decreases the catalyst’s lifetime. The MTO conversion over larger ZSM-5 altered the product distribution, which was not the case for the ETA conversion. The reason is that the instantly available aromatics during ETA conversion lead to fast coking and zeolite crystals only active in the outer layers. Thus, the different reactivity of different-sized ZSM-5 is direct proof of a different conversion mechanism for both alcohols.

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Effect of ZSM-5 crystal size on its catalytic properties for conversion of methanol to gasoline

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Isomorphous Substitution in ZSM-5 in Tandem Methanol/Zeolite Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Aromatics

Isomorphous Substitution in ZSM-5 in Tandem Methanol/Zeolite Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Aromatics

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Studies of Methanol Transformation to Hydrocarbons Using Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Review

Influence of ZSM-5 Crystal Size on Methanol-to-Olefin (MTO) vs. Ethanol-to-Aromatics (ETA) Conversion

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Effect of ZSM-5 crystal size on its catalytic properties for conversion of methanol to gasoline

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Isomorphous Substitution in ZSM-5 in Tandem Methanol/Zeolite Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of CO2 to Aromatics

Isomorphous Substitution in ZSM-5 in Tandem Methanol/Zeolite Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of CO2 to Aromatics

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Studies of Methanol Transformation to Hydrocarbons Using Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Review

Influence of ZSM-5 Crystal Size on Methanol-to-Olefin (MTO) vs. Ethanol-to-Aromatics (ETA) Conversion

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Isomorphous Substitution in ZSM-5 in Tandem Methanol/Zeolite Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Aromatics

Isomorphous Substitution in ZSM-5 in Tandem Methanol/Zeolite Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Aromatics