Effect of β-glucan on immunity and survival of early stage of Anabas testudineus (Bloch)

The effect of oyster mushroom β-1.3/1.6-D-glucan and oxytetracycline antibiotic on biometrical, haematological, biochemical, and immunological indices, and histopathological changes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

“…Leukocytes are involved in the regulation of immunological function and the protective response to stress in fish. A decrease in leukocyte count can be detected, for example, through the change in lymphopoesis or the altered release of lymphocytes from lymphoid tissues [6], while an increase can result from immune response to bacteria [37]. Immunosuppressive effects, i.e.…”

“…One of the most common sources of b-glucans is derived from the cell wall of baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. b-glucans are also extracted from the bran of oat, barley, rye, and wheat grains, and some species of seaweed [6].…”

Immunomodulatory effects of dietary β-glucan in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

“…Amongst immune modulating molecules, β-glucan, a linear polysaccharide extracted from the cell wall of yeast, algae and fungi (Dalmo & Bøgwald 2008) stands as a model of pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) molecule, and as such has been widely exploited as additive in fish diets aiming to improve resistance to infection. The inclusion of β-glucans in the diet of Anabas testudineus (Das et al 2009), Cyprinus carpio (Miest et al 2012), Oncorhynchus mykiss (Ghaedi et al 2015), Salmon salar (Pionnier et al 2013) amongst other fish species, for instance, improved several innate immune parameters like respiratory burst, macrophage phagocytic index, serum lysozyme and myeloperoxidase, and improved the production of total IgM. However, conflicting results have also been reported, such as in Salmo salar and Scophthalmus rhombus, and have been attributed to differences in β-glucan concentration on diet, the molecular characteristics of the molecule (1,3-β-glucan or 1,6-β-glucan), time and feeding regimen (Dalmo & Bøgwald 2008).…”

The effect of mistletoe, Viscum album coloratum, extract on innate immune response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…In fish, several immunostimulants such as levamisole [8], chitin [9,10], lactoferrin [11], Nisin [12], recombinant transferrin [13], modified carbohydrate [14], b-glucan [15,16], chitosan [17], and various kinds of probiotics [18e20] have been reported. These substances play a promising role in aquaculture by enhancing the resistance of cultured fish against diseases.…”