Effect of γ-irradiation on the hydrolytic stability and thermo-oxidative behavior of bio/inorganic modified urea–formaldehyde resins

Effect of a novel environmentally friendly additive of polyaspartic acid on the properties of urea formaldehyde resins/montmorillonite

“…The band at 1550 cm −1 is attributed to the NH bending vibrations. Other weak absorption bands appeared at 1388, 1248, 1130, and 1030 cm −1 attributed to CH 2 , COC, NCH 2 N, and CN stretching vibrations, respectively . Although the typical vibrations of PASP almost overlapped with the UF resin, all the modified UF resins showed the typical vibration of the SiOAl bond at 525 and 466 cm −1 , presenting that there existed Ca‐Mt in the bulk of UF .…”

Biocomposites based on cellulose and starch modified urea‐formaldehyde resin: Hydrolytic, thermal, and radiation stability

“…Urea‐formaldehyde (UF) products and hydrolytic processes are the source of air pollution and can cause problems with health . HCHO emissions originated from unreacted HCHO present in UF resins after synthesis and from inactivated acid hydrolysis of UF resin under moisture conditions . Contact with HCHO is achieved by inhalation of air contaminated with tobacco smoke or exhaust gases.…”

Effect of γ-irradiation on the hydrolytic and thermal stability of micro- and nano-TiO2 based urea–formaldehyde composites

“…The emitted formaldehyde causes from a free formaldehyde present in UF resins aer synthesis and mostly from hydrolysis of UF resins under acidic and moisture conditions. 6 Exposure to formaldehyde may occur by breathing contaminated indoor air, tobacco smoke, or ambient urban air. Acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure to formaldehyde in humans can result in respiratory symptoms, and eye, nose, and throat irritation.…”