Effect of γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane coupling agent on t90, tensile strength and tear strength of silica-filled NR, NBR and SBR vulcanizates

Nasir, M.; Poh, B. T.; Ng, Peh Sang

doi:10.1016/0014-3057(88)90177-2

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Studies by Fetterman [33] on the influence of silica on cure behaviour of rubber found that the impact on cure retardation is directly proportional to the surface area of silica and the functionality of sulphur is dependent on both the particle size and total content of silica. Nasir et al [30] reported that the cure retardation can be attributed to a silica -accelerator interaction. The silica reacts with zinc oxide and subsequently reduces the reactivity of zinc which in turn slows down the reactivity of sulphur.…”

Section: Effect Of Fillersmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The Effect of Accelerator/Sulphur Ratio on the Cure Time and Torque Maximum of Epoxidized Natural Rubber

Sadequl

2000

International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biom

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The cure time of accelerated sulphur vulcanization of Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR 25) was studied while one grade of unmodified natural rubber -Standard Malaysian Rubber Light (SMR L) was used as a control. Five accelerators, viz. 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), tetramethylthiuram disulphide (TMTD), zinc dirnethyldithiocarbamate (ZDMC), N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazylsulphenamide (TBBS) and diphenylguanidine (DPG) were used in the study and the vulcanization systems used were conventional vulcanization (CV), semi-efficient vulcanization (semi-EV) and efficient vulcanization (EV). Monsanto Moving-Die Rheometer (MDR 2000) was used to determined the cure time in the temperature range of 100-180°C. The results indicate that cure time decreases exponentially with increasing temperature for the two rubbers studied. At a fixed curing temperature, ENR 25 shows shorter cure time compared to that of SMR L. This has been attributed to the activation of the double bond by the adjacent epoxide group in ENR 25. Studies of the effect of varying amounts of M BT at a fixed sulphur concentration show that cure time decreases as the accelerator concentration increases. ENR 25 shows higher torque maximum than SMR L. This observation can be related to the oxiranegroup which is bulky and thus accounts for increased glass transition temperature with increase in the level of epoxidation. Of the vulcanization systems, CV shows the highest torque maximum followed by semi-EV and than EV. This trend can be attributed to the amount of active sulphurating agent which increases with increasing accelerator concentration. It was also found that the influence of accelerator/sulphur ratio becomes less significant as vulcanization temperature increases.

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Section: Effect Of Fillersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Here stress is mainly governed by particle size. It was found that the cure effect is also dependent on the accelerator systems and the type of elastomer [30].…”

Section: Effect Of Sulphur/accelerator Ratio (Vulcanization Systems)mentioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect of Accelerator/Sulphur Ratio on the Cure Time and Torque Maximum of Epoxidized Natural Rubber

Sadequl

2000

International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biom

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“…It was reported that when silane is present, the enhancement in silica reinforcement can be attributed to better wetting and dispersion, hence, coupling bonds being formed between the "shell" of silica and the included rubber phases. Nasir and Poh 30 have reported that silicafilled NBR, especially at higher loadings, exhibits slightly higher tensile strength than those of the carbon blacks. Suzuki et al 38 have reported that the dispersity of silica particles was improved by the nitrile groups, in accordance with the report by Choi.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composites formulation is given in Table III. The samples are represented as NBR 100 RHA (5,10,20,30,40) and NBR 100 Si (5,10,20,30,40) , where the subscript numbers represent the weight percentage for NBR and different filler loadings.…”

Section: Compounding and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of gamma‐irradiation on the physicomechanical properties of synthetic rubber–based silica composites

Mohamed¹,

Khattab²,

Abdelaziz³

2011

Adv Polym Technol

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Rice husk ash (RHA) and silica-filled nitrile rubber (NBR) composites were prepared using a laboratory-size two-roll mill. The mechanical properties and water absorption were studied before and after being exposed to gamma irradiation from 25 to 200 kGy. The tensile strength increased with RHA up to an optimum filler loading (20 phr) and (30 phr) for a silica-filled NBR composite. The tensile strength for the irradiated composite filled with 30 phr silica increases with an increase in irradiation doses up to 100 kGy. The presence of silica filler phase that has a higher electron density than the polymer matrix will likely result in an increase in cross-linking or scissioning and better dispersion in the matrix. Water absorption studies indicate that the irradiated NBR composite filled with silica has lower water absorption rather than the composite filled with

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“…To eliminate the mentioned disadvantage, silica is often modified with silane compounds, such as silane tetrasulfite, mercapto silane, octanoylthio-1-propyltriethoxysilane ete. [4][5][6][7] Silane modified silica promotes vulcanization reaction, rises network density due to the formation of sunfite bonds between rubber and filler surface. [8,9] Thus, the properties of vulcanizate change obviously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the effect of modified and unmodified silica on the properties of natural rubber vulcanizates

Quang

Hưng

Bui

et al. 2019

Vietnam Journal of Chemistry

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In the article, the effects of silica (silicon oxide) on some properties of natural rubber (NR) were studied. Silica used are unmodified (SiKBT) and modified with triethoxi silane propyl tetrasunfite (SiBT). It is shown SiBT increases vulcanization network density (VND), so it enhances strength and elastic properties of NR. In contrary, SiKBT decreases VND and reduces, but has almost no effect on strength of NR. Silica, both modified and unmodified, are assumed to improve network regularity of NR that change thermal degradation behavior of materials and keep the strength of NR-SiKBT compound unchanged.

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Effect of γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane coupling agent on t90, tensile strength and tear strength of silica-filled NR, NBR and SBR vulcanizates

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

The Effect of Accelerator/Sulphur Ratio on the Cure Time and Torque Maximum of Epoxidized Natural Rubber

The Effect of Accelerator/Sulphur Ratio on the Cure Time and Torque Maximum of Epoxidized Natural Rubber

Effect of gamma‐irradiation on the physicomechanical properties of synthetic rubber–based silica composites

Study on the effect of modified and unmodified silica on the properties of natural rubber vulcanizates

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