Effect of ω-3 supplementation on placental lipid metabolism in overweight and obese women

Calabuig-Navarro, Virtu; Puchowicz, Michelle; Glazebrook, Patricia A.; Haghiac, Maricela; Minium, Judi; Catalano, Patrick M.; deMouzon, Sylvie Hauguel; O’Tierney-Ginn, Perrie

doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.124651

Cited by 60 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…42 43 Similarly, placentas from obese women show increased lipid accumulation but lower concentrations of FABP5 and uptake of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid). [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] Both increases and decreases in the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) transporter, CD36, have been reported in placenta from obese women. 45 46 An important caveat of human placental responses to obesity is that most information comes from studying late gestation placentas.…”

Section: Placental Changes Associated With Maternal Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and pregnancy: mechanisms of short term and long term adverse consequences for mother and child

Catalano

Shankar

2017

BMJ

887

749

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Obesity is the most common medical condition in women of reproductive age. Obesity during pregnancy has short term and long term adverse consequences for both mother and child. Obesity causes problems with infertility, and in early gestation it causes spontaneous pregnancy loss and congenital anomalies. Metabolically, obese women have increased insulin resistance in early pregnancy, which becomes manifest clinically in late gestation as glucose intolerance and fetal overgrowth. At term, the risk of cesarean delivery and wound complications is increased. Postpartum, obese women have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, depression, and difficulty with breast feeding. Because 50-60% of overweight or obese women gain more than recommended by Institute of Medicine gestational weight guidelines, postpartum weight retention increases future cardiometabolic risks and prepregnancy obesity in subsequent pregnancies. Neonates of obese women have increased body fat at birth, which increases the risk of childhood obesity. Although there is no unifying mechanism responsible for the adverse perinatal outcomes associated with maternal obesity, on the basis of the available data, increased prepregnancy maternal insulin resistance and accompanying hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress seem to contribute to early placental and fetal dysfunction. We will review the pathophysiology underlying these data and try to shed light on the specific underlying mechanisms.

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Section: Placental Changes Associated With Maternal Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and pregnancy: mechanisms of short term and long term adverse consequences for mother and child

Catalano

Shankar

2017

BMJ

887

749

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Total lipid contents are significantly lower in the placentas of overweight and obese women supplemented with n-3 PUFA compared with a placebo group during mid- to late pregnancy (14.14 ± 1.03 vs. 19.63 ± 1.45 mg lipid/g tissue). n-3 PUFA inhibits placental lipid esterification pathways and reduces placental lipid accumulation [84]. Hence, reduced risk of childhood obesity is associated with enhanced maternal-fetal-neonatal n-3 PUFA.…”

Section: The Beneficial Physiological Effects Of N-3 Pufamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Ameliorating the Obesity-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Animal Models and Humans

Huang

Chien

Chen

et al. 2016

IJMS

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The incidence of obesity and its comorbidities, such as insulin resistance and type II diabetes, are increasing dramatically, perhaps caused by the change in the fatty acid composition of common human diets. Adipose tissue plays a role as the major energy reservoir in the body. An excess of adipose mass accumulation caused by chronic positive energy balance results in obesity. The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) exert numerous beneficial effects to maintain physiological homeostasis. In the current review, the physiology of n-3 PUFA effects in the body is delineated from studies conducted in both human and animal experiments. Although mechanistic studies in human are limited, numerous studies conducted in animals and models in vitro provide potential molecular mechanisms of the effects of these fatty acids. Three aspects of n-3 PUFA in adipocyte regulation are discussed: (1) lipid metabolism, including adipocyte differentiation, lipolysis and lipogenesis; (2) energy expenditure, such as mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation; and (3) inflammation, including adipokines and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Additionally, the mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA regulate gene expression are highlighted. The beneficial effects of n-3 PUFA may help to reduce the incidence of obesity and its comorbidities.

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“…In one carbon metabolic pathway membrane phospholipids are major methyl group acceptors and reduced docosahexaenoic acid levels may result in diversion of methyl groups towards deoxyribonucleic acid resulting in DNA methylation. So it is proposed that altered maternal micronutrients, increased homocysteine and oxidative stress levels that cause epigenetic modifications may be one of the mechanisms that contribute to preterm birth and poor fetal outcome [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Omega 3 Fatty Acids in Reducing Risk of Preterm Labour

Khanzada¹,

Mansoor²,

Rehman³

et al. 2018

Gynecol Obstet

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Objective: To compare effect of Omega 3 fatty acid supplementation versus no supplementation in high risk pregnant females from 20 weeks gestation in terms of frequency of preterm delivery. Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and, Railway Teaching Hospital Islamic International Medical College Trust, from January 2015 to Jan 2017. Women with a history of prior spontaneous singleton preterm birth and a current singleton gestation were divided into two groups A and B by computer generated random numbers. Omega 3 fatty acid supplementation was given to group A patients from 20 weeks to 36 weeks gestation and patients in group B was received no such treatment. Frequency of preterm delivery was compared among patients of both groups. Results: A total of 500 women with singleton pregnancy with history of one or more preterm deliveries were included, and none was lost to follow up. The mean duration of pregnancy at delivery between the omega3 supplemented and control groups [38.2 (SD, 0.6) weeks and 36.6 (SD, 0.9) weeks, P<0.0001 respectively] was statistically different. The data were also analyzed for birth weight and statistically significant difference of the weights were found in the two groups [3.2 (SD, 0.233) and 2.8 (SD, 0.259) controls P <0.0001]. Conclusion: In this study we found that gestational age and birth weight, both are significantly improved with oral administered omeg-3 in high risk pregnancy when compared with controls.

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Effect of ω-3 supplementation on placental lipid metabolism in overweight and obese women

Cited by 60 publications

References 48 publications

Obesity and pregnancy: mechanisms of short term and long term adverse consequences for mother and child

Obesity and pregnancy: mechanisms of short term and long term adverse consequences for mother and child

Role of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Ameliorating the Obesity-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Animal Models and Humans

Effect of Omega 3 Fatty Acids in Reducing Risk of Preterm Labour

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