Effect on Platelet Function of Metal-Based Nanoparticles Developed for Medical Applications

Abstract

Nanomaterials have been recently introduced as potential diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the medical field. One of the main concerns in relation to the use of nanomaterials in humans is their potential toxicity profile and blood compatibility. In fact, and due to their small size, NPs can translocate into the systemic circulation even after dermal contact, inhalation, or oral ingestion. Once in the blood stream, nanoparticles become in contact with the different components of the blood and can potentially interfere with normal platelet function leading to bleeding or thrombosis. Metallic NPs have been already used for diagnosis and treatment purposes due to their unique characteristics. However, the potential interactions between metallic NPs and platelets has not been widely studied and reported. This review focuses on the factors that can affect platelet activation and aggregation by metal NPs and the nature of such interactions, providing a summary of the effect of various metal NPs on platelet function available in the literature.

Silver and Gold Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Purposes against Multi-Drug Resistance Bacteria

“…When NPs are in the bloodstream, they come in contact with various components of the blood and may disrupt the normal function of platelets, causing bleeding or thrombosis. The biocompatibility of NPs with blood elements is a controversial issue [ 178 ]. Overcoming MDRs has evolved to improve antibiotics, and as a result, nanomedicine delivery systems can provide ways to develop antimicrobial nanomedicine.…”

Lipoic Acid-Coated Silver Nanoparticles: Biosafety Potential on the Vascular Microenvironment and Antibacterial Properties

“…In addition, common complications associated with long-term use of central venous catheters are occlusions and catheter-related thrombosis. AgNPs are well known for having antimicrobial properties and unique characteristics that make them very attractive for biomedical applications (Hante et al, 2019). In one of our recent publications, we have demonstrated that AgNPsLA synthesized by our team are able to down-regulate P-selectin and GPIIb/IIIa receptor expression, inhibiting platelet aggregation under flow conditions.…”

Gamma Irradiation-Assisted Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle and Their Antimicrobial Applications: A Review

“…Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are among the most favored metal NPs due to the multiple functionality as pronounced antimicrobial agent [17][18][19], combined with antifungal effect of Ag-NPs on dermatophytes [20,21], anti-cancer [22], anti-inflammatory [23], antiviral [24], anti-angiogenesis [25] and antiplatelet activities [26], has made them the most used NPs to treat various diseases and infections [27] making them significant in the field of medicine and health care. Ag-NPs also demonstrated good catalytic properties in the field of dye detoxification, heavy metal removal and remediation [28,29].…”

“…It was observed that for NCs smaller than 100 nm, sphere shape NCs displayed higher cellular uptake than nanorods while for NCs larger than 100 nm nanorods exhibits higher cellular uptake followed by spheres [26]. Spherical Ag-NCs, with size within 10 -15 nm possess antiplatelet properties [26] and are less toxic [132].…”