Effect Solvent and Extraction Method on the Characteristics of Green Bean Robusta Coffee

Abstract

One of the chemical elements found in coffee is caffeine, which is the second-largest secondary metabolite after chlorogenic acid. Robusta coffee has a higher caffeine content than Arabica. Low-caffeine coffee is an alternative choice for people who are aware to negative effects of caffeine. Process caffeine reduction was carried out in this reseerach by using the maceration method, soxhletation and microwave exposure with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water as solvents. Soxhletationee caffeine content was originally 2.2 % after caffeine was extracted using the soxhletation method using 15 % ethyl acetate solvent, coffee caffeine content was 0.87 %, antioxidant activity (IC 50) was 1 867 mg L-1, total flavonoids were 420.3 mg L-1, lightness 45.7, redness is 2.3 and yellowness 10. The reduction of caffeine content in coffee beans is influenced by the method and duration of extraction as well as the solvent used to dissolve the caffeine.