Effective and Ineffective Parenting

McKinney, Cliff; Morse, Melanie; Pastuszak, J

doi:10.1177/0192513x14537480

Cited by 42 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Ineffective parenting practices are defined as parenting styles and practices that are associated with maladaptive child outcomes (McKinney et al, 2016;Mokrova et al, 2010). Ineffective parenting focuses on the presence of negative attributes rather than the absence of positive attributes (Mokrova et al, 2010;Radziszewska et al, 1996); thus, ineffective parenting practices do not simply reflect lower efficacy but also the presence of specific negative parenting characteristics.…”

Section: Ineffective Parenting Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, both styles and practices can reflect ineffective parenting behaviors because these two domains address somewhat different parental qualities. Parenting styles focus on the general patterns of responses based on parent demandingness and responsiveness, whereas parenting practices focus on the specific behaviors parents display during parent-child interactions (Darling & Steinberg, 1993;McKinney et al, 2016). As such, it is often the case that general response patterns (parenting styles) guide specific interactions (parenting practices) that occur between parent and child (Darling & Steinberg, 1993).…”

Section: Ineffective Parenting Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies that have included both negative parenting styles and practices as characteristics of ineffective parenting have found ties to child outcomes. For instance, ineffective parenting practices were related to poor psychological adjustment in college-age students (McKinney et al, 2016) and conduct problems in children who exhibited callous and unemotional traits (Wootton et al, 1997). Although separate studies have demonstrated that inconsistent parenting styles or negative parenting practices are related to regulatory difficulties (Dwairy, 2008;Morris et al, 2002), there are no known studies that focus on the more global construct of ineffective parenting and effortful control during the preschool period, specifically.…”

Section: Ineffective Parenting Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Practices. An ineffective parenting practices score was calculated using an observational measure for negative parenting and scores derived from a mother-reported parenting questionnaire assessing authoritarian and permissive parenting styles (McKinney et al, 2016). Scores were z-transformed and combined into one overall "ineffective parenting" composite.…”

Section: Ineffective Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This in turn relates to their regulatory functioning, such that they have difficulties with effortful control; that is, they are not as successful in suppressing their urges to achieve a more salient goal. Ineffective parenting practices encompass negative (i.e., hostile and controlling approaches) parenting behaviors, engagement in inconsistent parenting styles in which parents show high levels of leniency, that is, permissive parenting, some of the time and at other times use overly critical practices marked by harsh rigidity, that is, authoritarian parenting some of the time (Baumrind, 1971(Baumrind, , 2013McKinney et al, 2016). Parents who are harsh or unpredictable in their own behaviors may model difficulties with regulation in their role as parents.…”

Section: Parenting and Effortful Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Children's Dysregulated Representations Mediate Ineffective Parenting Practices and Effortful Control in Lower Income Families

2020

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Objective Rooted in attachment theory, we tested the degree to which children's dysregulated representations mediate linkages between ineffective parenting and children's effortful control in a sample of lower income families. Background Children in lower income households are at greater risk for difficulties with effortful control. Although ineffective parenting practices may influence children's development of effortful control, there is limited knowledge related to the mechanisms underlying this association. According to attachment theory, it is possible that children who experience ineffective parenting practices have more dysregulated representations, which may then be linked with poorly regulated behavior. Method This cross‐sectional study included 40 preschool‐age children enrolled in Head Start and their mothers. Ineffective parenting practices were operationalized using mothers' self‐reported parenting styles and observed parenting behaviors; children's dysregulated representations and effortful control were measured during a series of observed laboratory tasks. Structural equation modeling was used to test pathways between measured variables. Results The relation between ineffective parenting practices and children's effortful control was not directly related; however, structural equation modeling indicated a significant indirect effect through children's dysregulated representations. Children whose mothers were more ineffective in their parenting had more dysregulated representations. In turn, more dysregulated representations were related to poorer effortful control. Conclusion Children who experience ineffective parenting practices may be less likely to internalize reliable expectations regarding their environment's structure and order. Poorly stabilized perceptions may inhibit adaptive social and behavioral functioning. Implications These findings inform intervention efforts aimed toward enhancing parenting practices to improve children's representations and effortful control behaviors.

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