Effective connectivity in the neural network underlying coarse-to-fine categorization of visual scenes. A dynamic causal modeling study

Kauffmann, Louise; Chauvin, Alan; Pichat, Cédric; Peyrin, Carole

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2015.07.004

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Furthermore, the overall importance of HSF for correctly categorizing facial expressions seems to be modulated by the type of emotion being processed: While the identification of sad expressions is mainly dependent on fine (HSF) facial components, happy expressions are more guided by coarse (LSF) facial information (Kumar & Srinivasan, 2011;Srinivasan & Gupta, 2011). Consistent with a coarse-to-fine account of visual perception in TD participants (Bar, 2003;Kauffmann, Chauvin, Pichat, & Peyrin, 2015), happy emotions are generally found to be identified faster than sad expressions (Hitenan & Leppanen, 2004;Srivastava & Srinivasan, 2010). Finally, these behavioral findings might not solely reflect the activation of cortical processing areas during face perception (Campatelli et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Priming Facial Gender and Emotional Valence: The Influence of Spatial Frequency on Face Perception in ASD

Vanmarcke

Wagemans

2017

J Autism Dev Disord

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Adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) performed two priming experiments in which they implicitly processed a prime stimulus, containing high and/or low spatial frequency information, and then explicitly categorized a target face either as male/female (gender task) or as positive/negative (Valence task). Adolescents with ASD made more categorization errors than typically developing adolescents. They also showed an age-dependent improvement in categorization speed and had more difficulties with categorizing facial expressions than gender. However, in neither of the categorization tasks, we found group differences in the processing of coarse versus fine prime information. This contradicted our expectations, and indicated that the perceptual differences between adolescents with and without ASD critically depended on the processing time available for the primes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Priming Facial Gender and Emotional Valence: The Influence of Spatial Frequency on Face Perception in ASD

Vanmarcke

Wagemans

2017

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…It has been shown that the orbitofrontal cortex is strongly activated during LSF processing, corresponding to the initial visual information transmitted by the magnocellular visual pathway [26]. The orbitofrontal cortex is also known to play a critical role in facilitating the recognition of visual inputs by sending predictive feedback based on the rapid processing of LSF to sensory cortices [7,8,26]. In the literature, functional segregation is proposed between medial regions (encompassing the anterior cingulate cortex and subcallosal area) and lateral regions (encompassing the inferior frontal cortex and anterior insula).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, LSF (conveyed by fast magnocellular pathways) could rapidly activate higher-order cerebral areas (e.g., parietal and frontal cortices) and activate plausible semantic interpretations about the stimulus based on coarse information. The orbitofrontal cortex might be predominantly involved in the generation of predictions about the visual stimulus [6][7][8]. Predictions could then be projected to lower order cerebral areas (e.g., occipito-temporal cortex) via top-down connections to guide the subsequent processing of HSF (conveyed more slowly by parvocellular pathways).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Thickness and Natural Scene Recognition in the Child’s Brain

et al. 2020

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Visual scenes are processed in terms of spatial frequencies. Low spatial frequencies (LSF) carry coarse information, whereas high spatial frequencies (HSF) subsequently carry information about fine details. The present magnetic resonance imaging study investigated how cortical thickness covaried with LSF/HSF processing abilities in ten-year-old children and adults. Participants indicated whether natural scenes that were filtered in either LSF or HSF represented outdoor or indoor scenes, while reaction times (RTs) and accuracy measures were recorded. In adults, faster RTs for LSF and HSF images were consistently associated with a thicker cortex (parahippocampal cortex, middle frontal gyrus, and precentral and insula regions for LSF; parahippocampal cortex and fronto-marginal and supramarginal gyri for HSF). On the other hand, in children, faster RTs for HSF were associated with a thicker cortex (posterior cingulate, supramarginal and calcarine cortical regions), whereas faster RTs for LSF were associated with a thinner cortex (subcallosal and insula regions). Increased cortical thickness in adults and children could correspond to an expansion mechanism linked to visual scene processing efficiency. In contrast, lower cortical thickness associated with LSF efficiency in children could correspond to a pruning mechanism reflecting an ongoing maturational process, in agreement with the view that LSF efficiency continues to be refined during childhood. This differing pattern between children and adults appeared to be particularly significant in anterior regions of the brain, in line with the proposed existence of a postero-anterior gradient of brain development. Taken together, our results highlight the dynamic brain processes that allow children and adults to perceive a visual natural scene in a coherent way.

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“…As experimental evidence, a combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study (Bar et al, 2006) demonstrated earlier activations in the orbitofrontal cortex than in the occipito-temporal cortex during recognition of object images, this early activity depending on the presence of LSF in the image. Recent fMRI studies investigating the effective connectivity between these regions using dynamic causal modeling showed that a magnocellular signal (e.g., achromatic and low-luminance contrast drawings, LSF-filtered scenes) increases the connectivity strength from the orbitofrontal cortex to the inferotemporal cortex (Kauffmann, Chauvin, Pichat, & Peyrin, 2015;Kveraga et al, 2007). Petras, ten Oever, Jacobs, and Goffaux (2019) used a classifier trained to discriminate between EEG scalp patterns evoked by LSF inputs and EEG scalp patterns evoked by HSF inputs in order to tease apart LSF and HSF contribution to the neural response evoked by broadband stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of peripheral vision on object categorization in central vision

et al. 2019

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Predictive models of visual recognition state that predictions based on the rapid processing of low spatial frequencies (LSF) may guide the subsequent processing of high spatial frequencies (HSF). While the HSF signal necessarily comes from central vision, most of the LSF signal comes from peripheral vision. The present study aimed at understanding how LSF in peripheral vision may be used to generate predictive signals that guide visual processes in central vision. In two experiments, participants performed an object categorization task in central vision while a semantically congruent or incongruent scene background was displayed in peripheral vision. In Experiment 1, results showed a congruence effect when the peripheral scene was displayed before the object onset. In Experiment 2, results showed a congruence effect only when the peripheral scene was intact, thus carrying a semantic meaning, but not when it was phase-scrambled, thus carrying only low-level information. The study suggests that the low resolution of peripheral vision facilitates the processing of foveated objects in the visual scene, in line with predictive models of visual recognition.

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Effective connectivity in the neural network underlying coarse-to-fine categorization of visual scenes. A dynamic causal modeling study

Cited by 33 publications

References 85 publications

Priming Facial Gender and Emotional Valence: The Influence of Spatial Frequency on Face Perception in ASD

Priming Facial Gender and Emotional Valence: The Influence of Spatial Frequency on Face Perception in ASD

Cortical Thickness and Natural Scene Recognition in the Child’s Brain

Influence of peripheral vision on object categorization in central vision

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