Effective Curriculum‐Based Sex and STD/HIV Education Programs for Adolescents

Kirby, Douglas; Laris, B. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1750-8606.2008.00071.x

Cited by 146 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…65 The recent 3% increase in teen births could be a "blip," or it could be attributable to an increase in abstinence-only sex education and the concomitant reduction in accurate information about contraception. [66][67][68] Eight peer-reviewed, controlled clinical trials have revealed that giving teenagers freer access to condoms does not increase their sexual activity or encourage virginal teenagers to begin having sex, but it does increase the use of condoms among those who are already sexually active. [69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] Advertising condoms, birth control pills, and emergency contraception on TV and radio could further decrease the teen pregnancy rate.…”

Section: Contraceptive Advertisingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexuality, Contraception, and the Media

Strasburger¹

2010

Pediatrics

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From a health viewpoint, early sexual activity among US adolescents is a potential problem because of the risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. New evidence points to the media adolescents use frequently (television, music, movies, magazines, and the Internet) as important factors in the initiation of sexual intercourse. There is a major disconnect between what mainstream media portray-casual sex and sexuality with no consequences-and what children and teenagers need-straightforward information about human sexuality and the need for contraception when having sex. Television, film, music, and the Internet are all becoming increasingly sexually explicit, yet information on abstinence, sexual responsibility, and birth control remains rare. It is unwise to promote "abstinence-only" sex education when it has been shown to be ineffective and when the media have become such an important source of information about "nonabstinence." Recommendations are presented to help pediatricians address this important issue. Pediatrics 2010;126:576-582 INTRODUCTIONEarly sexual activity among teenagers can be problematic. According to the 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 46% of all high school seniors have had sexual intercourse, and 14% have had 4 partners or more. 1 Although pregnancy rates have generally been decreasing since 1991, the United States still has the highest teen pregnancy rate in the Western world, 2 and for the first time in 15 years, the birth rate increased 3% from 2005 to 2006. 3 Early intercourse also increases the risk of contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI), including HIV, and adolescents have one of the highest STI rates of any age group. 4 Although 15-to 24-year-olds account for only one-quarter of the sexually active population in the United States, they contract nearly half of all new STIs every year. 4 A recent study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention revealed that 1 in 4 teenagers has had an STI. 5 Ten percent of young women who had first had sex in their teenage years reported that their first time was involuntary, and the younger they were, the more likely that was the case. 6 WHAT CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS LEARN FROM THE MEDIAAmerican children and teenagers spend more than 7 hours/day with a variety of different media. 7 Those media are filled with sexual messages and images, many of which are unrealistic. 2 On television (TV), which remains the predominant medium in terms of time spent for all young people, more than 75% of prime-time programs contain sexual THE COUNCIL ON COMMUNICATIONS AND MEDIA

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Section: Contraceptive Advertisingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…90,91 Federal money should be spent on comprehensive sex education programs but not on abstinence-only programs, which have been found to be ineffective. 35,[65][66][67][68][92][93][94] 5. Pediatricians should urge the broadcast industry to air advertisements for birth control products.…”

Section: Positive Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexuality, Contraception, and the Media

Strasburger¹

2010

Pediatrics

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“…Non seulement l'information qu'elle dispense est souvent incorrecte (Waxman, 2004), mais elle omet une grande partie de l'information dont les jeunes ont besoin pour assurer leur santé sexuelle et reproductive (Santelli et al, 2006 : 78). Les études disponibles semblent toutes indiquer qu'il est préférable de parler à la fois d'abstinence et d'autres méthodes de prévention (Kirby et Laris, 2009 ;Kirby et al, 2007).…”

Section: L'abstinence Aux éTats-unisunclassified

“…Dans les faits, la plupart des adultes rencontrés en 2008 ne voulaient pas de tels programmes, ou du moins ne voulaient pas avoir à les mettre en oeuvre, de près ou de loin. Comme on l'a noté, les données disponibles permettent de savoir assez bien quel type d'intervention « fonctionne » auprès des jeunes (Kirby, 2006(Kirby, , 2008Kirby et Laris, 2009 ;Robinson et al, 2002). Toutefois, les programmes requièrent une franche discussion de la sexualité et une approche positive qui vont à l'encontre d'une grande partie de la culture sexuelle malawite ; et d'autre part, ils doivent inclure l'information sur les contraceptifs et les préservatifs, ce qui va à l'encontre de ce qui y est religieusement acceptable.…”

Section: Le Relativisme Jette L'épongeunclassified

S’abstenir des preuves : influences globales et sélections locales dans l’éducation sexuelle au Malawi1

Bertrand-Dansereau

2012

socsoc

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Cet article se penche sur le cas de l’éducation sexuelle auprès des jeunes au Malawi pour illustrer la manière dont différents discours mondialisés sont repris et adoptés dans des circonstances sociales, culturelles et politiques spécifiques. Tandis que le conservatisme chrétien issu du mouvement évangéliste américain est largement adopté par les intervenants malawites, les « meilleures pratiques » de la santé publique, ancrées dans les preuves scientifiques et dans le respect des droits humains, semblent n’être mises en oeuvre que partiellement. L’éducation sexuelle malawite est donc largement paralysée par l’impossibilité de mettre en oeuvre des programmes dont l’efficacité a été démontrée, au profit d’une promotion de l’abstinence qui épargne les sensibilités mais n’aide en rien les jeunes à diminuer les risques liés à la sexualité.This article examines the case of sex education among young people in Malawi to illustrate how different discourses are taken up and adopted globalized in the social, cultural and political contexts. While the conservative Christian movement from the American evangelist is widely adopted by stakeholders in Malawi, “best practices” of public health, grounded in scientific evidence and respect for human rights, seem to be only partially implemented. Sex education in Malawi is largely paralyzed by the inability to implement programs whose effectiveness has been demonstrated in favor of an abstinence sparing the sensitivities but does not help young people reduce the risks associated with sexuality.Este artículo se centra en el caso de la educación sexual de jóvenes malauíes con el fin de ilustrar la manera como diferentes discursos mundializados son tomados y adoptados en circunstancias sociales, culturales y políticas específicas. Mientras que el conservatismo cristiano proveniente del movimiento evangelista americano es ampliamente adoptado por los actores malauíes, las “mejores prácticas” de la salud pública, arraigadas a pruebas científicas y al respeto de los derechos humanos, parecen ser implementadas tan sólo parcialmente. La educación sexual malauí es entonces ampliamente paralizada por la imposibilidad de implementar programas cuya eficacia haya sido demostrada, a favor de la promoción de la abstinencia, que evita las sensibilidades pero que no ayuda en absoluto a los jóvenes a disminuir los riesgos relacionados con la sexualidad

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“…In these policies, there has been strong support for use of best practice sex education curricula based firmly in health behavior theory (Brindis, Sattley, & Mamo, 2005;Kirby & Laris, 2009). Social learning theory (Rotter, 1954), social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1991), and self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1977), provide the theoretical foundation for the majority of evidence-based adolescent sex education programs (Kirby, Laris, & Rolleri, 2007).…”

Section: Using Evidence To Drive Sex Education Policy and Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent School-Based Sex Education: Using Developmental Neuroscience to Guide New Directions for Policy and Practice

Suleiman

Brindis²

2014

Sex Res Soc Policy

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While school-based sex education is one of the key program and policy solutions to improve adolescent sexual health outcomes, new efforts are needed to strengthen its overall impact. The cognitive, hormonal, emotional, and physical changes that accompany the onset of puberty and occur throughout the teenage years play a significant role in aspects of adolescent sexual risk taking. Thus, one approach to advancing current understanding of these complex issues is to leverage emerging knowledge in developmental affective neuroscience over the past 15 years, which suggests some potentially promising innovations that may inform new educational directions to improve adolescent sexual health. Exploring the conceptual and empirical advances in understanding adolescent brain development through the lens of the conceptualization, implementation, and evaluation of sex education, this article provides new perspectives that encourage the testing of innovative approaches to sex education policy and practice.

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Effective Curriculum‐Based Sex and STD/HIV Education Programs for Adolescents

Cited by 146 publications

References 47 publications

Sexuality, Contraception, and the Media

Sexuality, Contraception, and the Media

S’abstenir des preuves : influences globales et sélections locales dans l’éducation sexuelle au Malawi1

Adolescent School-Based Sex Education: Using Developmental Neuroscience to Guide New Directions for Policy and Practice

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