Effective Detection of HIV

Newman, Peter A.; Etzel, Mark A.

doi:10.1097/00126334-200012152-00004

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The rates we identified are consistent with NACO's Behavioral Surveillance Survey data for MSM (86%) [25]. Although higher than follow-up rates reported in other parts of the developing world and some developed countries [31,32], 14% non-return nevertheless raises concerns given the concentrated epidemic among MSM in India. Offering HIV testing options that do not require return visits, such as rapid testing [15] and mobile testing, both supported by NACO [33], will help to close this gap.…”

Section: Hiv Testing Uptakesupporting

confidence: 81%

“…It may play a critical role in controlling the growing HIV epidemic among India's kothi-identified MSM and helping to improve the quality and length of life of kothis who test HIV-positive. Our findings that indicate high levels of awareness of confidential HIV testing facilities and evertested rates, as well as extensive implementation of preand post-test counselling are encouraging given the documented benefits of HIV testing [15,[30][31][32] and counselling [20]. That the majority of kothis knew where to access voluntary testing and were tested for HIV may be reflective of targeted outreach efforts conducted by CBOs in Chennai.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

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Correlates of HIV Testing Uptake among Kothi-Identified Men who have Sex with Men in Public Sex Environments in Chennai, India

Woodford

Newman

Chakrapani³

et al. 2011

AIDS Behav

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Kothi-identified men who have sex with men in India are highly marginalized and are at high-risk for HIV. This study examines HIV testing among 132 self-reported HIV-negative and unknown serostatus kothis recruited from public sex environments in Chennai, India. Using logistic regression we identified variables associated with HIV testing uptake (i.e., being tested and knowing the result). Sixty-one percent reported HIV testing uptake. At the bivariate level, married men, those with low HIV transmission knowledge, those who engaged in unprotected anal sex and unprotected receptive anal sex were at lower odds of reporting testing uptake. In multivariate analysis, married men and those with low levels of HIV transmission knowledge were at decreased odds of being tested, as were kothis who experienced forced sex. Culturally competent programs engaging married kothis are needed. Interventions to facilitate HIV prevention education and systemic interventions to combat sexual violence may facilitate HIV testing uptake among kothis.

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Section: Hiv Testing Uptakesupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Correlates of HIV Testing Uptake among Kothi-Identified Men who have Sex with Men in Public Sex Environments in Chennai, India

Woodford

Newman

Chakrapani³

et al. 2011

AIDS Behav

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…HIV testing may help people who are exposed to the risk for HIV infection to know their HIV serostatus in order to have early treatment and prevent the transmission to others (Rotheram-Borus, Newman, & Etzel, 2000). Although a rapid HIV test has been available, there was still a substantial proportion of HIV infected individuals who were unaware of their HIV serostatus (Rotheram-Borus, Leibowitz, & Etzel, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-testing behavior among young migrant men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China

et al. 2011

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Previous studies suggested a rapid increase of HIV prevalence among MSM in China in recent years, from 0.4% in 2004 to 5.8% in 2008. However, some MSM had never been tested for HIV. In order to expand the accessibility to HIV testing, understanding HIV testing behavior and barriers among MSM is important. Using data collected from 307 young migrant MSM (aged 18-29 years) in 2009 in Beijing, we aimed to identify psychological and structural barriers to HIV testing. MSM were recruited through peer outreach, informal social networks, internet outreach, and venue-based outreach. Participants completed a confidential self-administered questionnaire.Results show that about 72% of MSM had ever had HIV testing. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the HIV testing behavior was associated with sexual risk behaviors (e.g., multiple sexual partners, inconsistent condom use for anal sex) and history of STDs. Eighty four MSM (28%) who had never had HIV testing reported that the psychological barriers mainly were perceived low risk of HIV infection and fears of being stigmatized. The structural barriers reported included inconvenience of doing test and lack of confidentiality. Future HIV prevention programs should be strengthened among MSM to increase their awareness of HIV risk. Efforts are needed to increase access to quality and confidential HIV testing among MSM and reduce stigma against MSM.

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“…HIV testing is critical for receiving effective and timely treatment if one is found to be HIV-positive. Early biomedical and psychosocial interventions help delay disease progression, reduce the likelihood of HIV transmission (especially in the early stages of infection), facilitate treatment of AIDS-related diseases, enable coping with related psychological distress, and foster change with respect to sexual risk practices [12–14]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-Untested Men Who Have Sex with Men in South Africa: The Perception of Not Being at Risk and Fear of Being Tested

Nel

Sandfort

et al. 2012

AIDS Behav

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A community-based needs assessment among men who have sex with men (MSM) in South Africa found that 27% (n=280/1045) of MSM had never been tested for HIV. The most frequently reported reasons for not having been tested were the perception of not being at risk (57%) and fear of being tested (52%). This article explores factors associated with these two reasons among the untested MSM. In multiple logistic regressions, the perception of not being at risk of HIV infection was negatively associated with being black, coloured or Indian, being sexually active, knowing people living with HIV, and a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the past 24 months (adj. OR = 0.24, 0.32, 0.38, and 0.22, respectively). Fear of being tested for HIV was positively associated with being black, coloured or Indian, preferred gender expression as feminine, being sexually active, a history of STIs, and experience of victimization on the basis of sexual orientation (adj. OR = 2.90, 4.07, 4.62, 5.05, and 2.34, respectively). Results suggest that HIV prevention programs directed at South African MSM will be more effective if testing and treatment of STIs are better integrated into HIV testing systems. Finally, social exclusion on the basis of race and sexual orientation ought to be addressed in order to reach hidden, at-risk, populations of MSM.

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Effective Detection of HIV

Cited by 28 publications

References 96 publications

Correlates of HIV Testing Uptake among Kothi-Identified Men who have Sex with Men in Public Sex Environments in Chennai, India

Correlates of HIV Testing Uptake among Kothi-Identified Men who have Sex with Men in Public Sex Environments in Chennai, India

HIV-testing behavior among young migrant men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China

HIV-Untested Men Who Have Sex with Men in South Africa: The Perception of Not Being at Risk and Fear of Being Tested

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