Effective hybrids of Zea mays L. under conditions of changes in the boundaries of agro-climatic zones under the influence of global warming

Abstract

The studies were carried out in the European part of Russia in the steppe zone. The response of five Zea mays L. hybrids from different maturity groups to the spatial variability of regional conditions (climate, soil quality, agricultural technology) was studied. The obtained data are necessary for scientifically substantiated selection of agro-ameliorative measures and schemes for managing the production processes of agricultural plants in the context of changes in the boundaries of agro-climatic zones under the influence of global warming. It has been established that the limiting factor in the sustainable production of corn grain in areas with insufficient heat supply is the short duration of the growing season, therefore, earlier sowing dates for early ripening and cold-resistant hybrids are necessary. For areas with insufficient moisture supply, the conditions of moisture deficiency in the summer months reduce the yield of corn grain, so it is necessary to combine the early sowing of mid-season hybrids and the methods of moisture-saving technologies.

Analysis of the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex

“…Ultimately, the level of innovative activity in this sector is extremely low. According to the newsletter and the report of the Institute for Statistical Research and Economics of Knowledge of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, in 2021 the level of innovative activity in the Russian agricultural industry was as follows [6]: the share of innovative activity of agricultural enterprises was 3.7% (to compare, in the industrial sector the share was 15.6%); low involvement in innovation processes: the level of technological development was only 3.1%, which is 0.4% lower than in 2022. In general, in 2021, Russian agricultural enterprises spent only 15.8 billion rubles on technological innovations.…”

“…In Switzerland, for example, the level of innovative activity is 75.3%, in Finland -55.3%, in Denmark -49.5%, etc. [6]. In the structure of costs for technological innovations in agriculture, investments in the purchase of machinery and equipment prevail (50.3%), which is typical for industrial production sectors.…”

Physiological features of platelet hemostasis in calves during the phase of plant nutrition, kept in the ecological conditions of central Russia

“…Achieved low intensity of free radical phenomena during the phase of plant nutrition in calves at this age contributes to the optimum operation of all hemostatic mechanisms of platelets. This concerns the severity of self-assembly of the contractile complex of the actin-myosin composition, the content of ADP and ATP in platelets, and the degree of their secretion [11].…”

Algorithm for recognition of images of agricultural crops

“…We use fuzzy membership functions to reduce the value of the loss function. The essence of training is to select weights that minimize the difference between the result of the following neuro-fuzzy approximations and the real properties of the object [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]:…”