Effective nasal influenza vaccine delivery using chitosan

Read, Robert C.; Naylor, Simone; Potter, C. W.; Bond, J O; Jabbal‐Gill, Inderjit; Fisher, A. N.; Illum, Lisbeth; Jennings, R.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.04.021

Cited by 174 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Chitosan has shown promising results in i.n. split virus vaccines in mice (Bacon et al 2000), split virus and protein vaccines in humans (Read et al 2005;Sui, Chen, Fang, et al 2010;Sui, Chen, Wu, et al 2010) and split virus and DNA vaccines in poultry (Tischer et al 2002;Worrall et al 2009;Huang et al 2010;Rauw et al 2010). However, in our study vaccination with chitosan-adjuvanted inactivated AIV and TMC inactivated AIV particles did not induce AIV-specific serum Ig (de Geus et al 2011).…”

Section: 2contrasting

confidence: 49%

Induction of respiratory immune responses in the chicken; implications for development of mucosal avian influenza virus vaccines

Geus

Rebel

Vervelde

2012

Veterinary Quarterly

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The risk and the size of an outbreak of avian influenza virus (AIV) could be restricted by vaccination of poultry. A vaccine used for rapid intervention during an AIV outbreak should be safe, highly effective after a single administration and suitable for mass application. In the case of AIV, aerosol vaccination using live virus is not desirable because of its zoonotic potential and because of the risk for virus reassortment. The rational design of novel mucosal-inactivated vaccines against AIV requires a comprehensive knowledge of the structure and function of the lung-associated immune system in birds in order to target vaccines appropriately and to design efficient mucosal adjuvants. This review addresses our current understanding of the induction of respiratory immune responses in the chicken. Furthermore, possible mucosal vaccination strategies for AIV are highlighted.

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Section: 2contrasting

confidence: 49%

Induction of respiratory immune responses in the chicken; implications for development of mucosal avian influenza virus vaccines

Geus

Rebel

Vervelde

2012

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…As mentioned previously, chitosan has been used safely in humans for topical, intranasal and oral applications [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Figure 8 clearly depicts the infiltration and degradation of a subcutaneous chitosan injection over a 2-week period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Chitosan is a widely used biomaterial with an established safety profile in humans. It is used as a pharmaceutical excipient [7], a controversial weight loss supplement [10,11], an experimental mucosal adjuvant [12][13][14] and in an FDA-approved hemostatic dressing [15]. When administered intranasally, chitosan is well-tolerated with only transient mild-to-moderate symptoms mostly of rhinorrhea [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanisms of vaccine enhancement by chitosan are believed to be due to both retention of vaccine in the nasal passages via mucoadhesion and opening of endothelial cell junctions for paracellular transport of vaccine [21]. Recent clinical studies have confirmed that chitosan is a promising adjuvant platform for intranasal vaccination [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chitosan solution enhances both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to subcutaneous vaccination

Zaharoff

Rogers

Hance

et al. 2007

Vaccine

311

193

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The development of safe, novel adjuvants is necessary to maximize the efficacy of new and/or available vaccines. Chitosan is a non-toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, natural polysaccharide derived from the exoskeletons of crustaceans and insects. Chitosan's biodegradability, immunological activity and high viscosity make it an excellent candidate as a depot/adjuvant for parenteral vaccination. To this end, we explored chitosan solution as an adjuvant for subcutaneous vaccination of mice with a model protein antigen. We found that chitosan enhanced antigen-specific antibody titers over 5-fold and antigen-specific splenic CD4 + proliferation over 6-fold. Strong increases in antibody titers together with robust delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses revealed that chitosan induced both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. When compared with traditional vaccine adjuvants, chitosan was equipotent to incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) and superior to aluminum hydroxide. Mechanistic studies revealed that chitosan exhibited at least two characteristics that may allow it to function as an immune adjuvant. First, the viscous chitosan solution created an antigen depot. More specifically, less than 9% of a protein antigen, when delivered in saline, remained at the injection site after 8 hours. However, more than 60% of a protein antigen delivered in chitosan remained at the injection site for 7 days. Second, chitosan induced a transient 67% cellular expansion in draining lymph nodes. The expansion peaked between 14 and 21 days after chitosan injection and diminished as the polysaccharide was degraded. These mechanistic studies, taken together with the enhancement of a vaccine response, demonstrate that chitosan is a promising and safe platform for parenteral vaccine delivery.

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“…Chitosan has shown promising results in i.n. split virus vaccines in mice (Bacon et al, 2000), split virus and protein vaccines in human (Read et al, 2005;Sui et al, 2010a,b) and a split virus vaccine in poultry (Worrall et al, 2009;Rauw et al, 2010). It was previously shown that CT is an effective mucosal adjuvant in chicken (Vervelde et al, 1998), but CT cannot be used in the field because of its toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A lack of antibody formation against inactivated influenza virus after aerosol vaccination in presence or absence of adjuvantia

Geus

Haarlem

Poetri

et al. 2011

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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a b s t r a c tIn the poultry industry, infections with avian influenza virus (AIV) can result in significant economic losses. The risk and the size of an outbreak might be restricted by vaccination of poultry. A vaccine that would be used for rapid intervention during an outbreak should be safe to use, highly effective after a single administration and be suitable for mass application. A vaccine that could be applied by spray or aerosol would be suitable for mass application, but respiratory applied inactivated influenza is poorly immunogenic and needs to be adjuvanted. We chose aluminum OH, chitosan, cholera toxin B subunit (CT-B), and Stimune as adjuvant for an aerosolized vaccine with inactivated H9N2. Each adjuvant was tested in two doses. None of the adjuvanted vaccines induced AIV-specific antibodies after single vaccination, measured 1 and 3 weeks after vaccination by aerosol, in contrast to the intramuscularly applied vaccine. The aerosolized vaccine did enter the chickens' respiratory tract as CT-B-specific serum antibodies were detected after 1 week in chickens vaccinated with the CT-B-adjuvanted vaccine. Chickens showed no adverse effects after the aerosol vaccination based on weight gain and clinical signs. The failure to detect AIV-specific antibodies might be due to the concentration of the inactivated virus.

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Effective nasal influenza vaccine delivery using chitosan

Cited by 174 publications

References 36 publications

Induction of respiratory immune responses in the chicken; implications for development of mucosal avian influenza virus vaccines

Induction of respiratory immune responses in the chicken; implications for development of mucosal avian influenza virus vaccines

Chitosan solution enhances both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to subcutaneous vaccination

A lack of antibody formation against inactivated influenza virus after aerosol vaccination in presence or absence of adjuvantia

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